Local and global mechanical properties of orbital friction stir welding on API X65 PSL2 steel / Inconel 625 clad pipes

• Published in: International journal of advanced manufacturing technology Vol. 134; no. 7-8; pp. 3325 - 3336
• Main Authors: Volff Amavisca, Carla, Vieira Braga Lemos, Guilherme, Dornelles Ramos, Fabiano, Bergmann, Luciano, Reguly, Afonso, Klusemann, Benjamin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Springer London 01.10.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: CAE) and Design; Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD; Digital imaging; Engineering; Friction stir welding; Heat treating; High strength low alloy steels; Industrial and Production Engineering; Mechanical Engineering; Mechanical properties; Media Management; Microhardness; Nickel base alloys; Optical properties; Original Article; Pipes; Process parameters; Strain; Superalloys; Tensile strength; Tensile tests; Ultimate tensile strength; Welded joints; Welding parameters; Cladded pipe; Microstructure, Mechanical properties; Inconel 625; Orbital friction stir welding; X65 steel
• ISSN: 0268-3768; 1433-3015
• DOI: 10.1007/s00170-024-14306-z

Orbital friction stir welding (FSW) is a promising approach to joining clad pipes. In this work, the influence of individual process parameters on the material flow even as, mechanical properties in orbital friction stir welded clad pipes is investigated. Due to the local heterogeneous microstructures within the weld, joints were evaluated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness, and digital image correlation (DIC). A microhardness increase was observed, with a maximum of 380 HV 0.5 within the Inconel 625 and 265 HV 0.5 within the X65 steel stir zones. Sound joints had an average ultimate tensile strength (UTS) exceeding up to 13% of the calculated theoretical tensile strength, which is obtained considering the minimum tensile strength of both materials. Additionally, failure occurred in the base material during the tensile testing, where the local strain in the stir zones of the X65 steel and Inconel 625 were only 3.3% and 10%, respectively. In summary, this investigation shows friction stir welded joints of API X65 steel and Inconel 625 clad pipes with high mechanical properties.