Halal authentication of sesame oil (Sesamum indicum L.) in market using GC-MS and FTIR spectrometry combination of chemometrics

• Published in: Journal of Research in Pharmacy Vol. 29; no. 4; pp. 1532 - 1541
• Main Authors: Salamah, Nina, Mahendra, Muhammad Reza, Guntarti, Any, Ahda, Mustofa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 05.07.2025
• ISSN: 2630-6344; 2630-6344
• DOI: 10.12991/jrespharm.1734658

The benefits of sesame oils for therapeutic purposes lead to the adulteration of sesame oil samples with lard. This case was prohibited because it may harm consumers' health, and Muslim consumers don't consume haram products. Therefore, this research aims to determine the quality of isolated sesame oil sold in the Market using GC-MS and FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. Based on GC-MS, pure sesame oils and pork oil contain several similar dominant compounds, such as oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acid; however, the fatty acid levels are different. Furthermore, this study reported that both sesame oils and lard have vibration fingerprinting at the wavelength of cm-1. The partial least square produces a low error with a root means square error calibration (RMSEC) of 0.01 and a determination coefficient (R2) 1. The validation method produces a low error with root means square error cross-validation (RMSECV) of 1.009 with R2 of 0.9981 and root mean square error prediction (RMSEP) of 0.56 with R2 of 0.9929. This study also reported that both oils can be separated; hence, FTIR spectroscopy combined with principal component analysis (PCA) successfully discriminates halal sesame oil. Furthermore, authentication of market samples shows that no market sesame oils detected contain pork oil adulterants.