Composition dependence of magnetic properties in the mixed magnet Co1−xNixCl2·H2O

• Published in: Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials Vol. 484; pp. 478 - 483
• Main Authors: DeFotis, G.C., Molloy, J.C., Komatsu, C.H., Van Dongen, M.J., Davis, C.M., DeSanto, C.L., May, W.M., Owens, T.M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 15.08.2019; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Antiferromagnetism; Cobalt compounds; Composition; Curie temperature; Curvature; Dependence; Exchanging; Ferromagnetism; High temperature; Hysteresis; Isotherms; Magnetic permeability; Magnetic properties; Magnetic susceptibility; Magnetic transition; Magnetism; Magnetization; Maxima; Nickel; Organic chemistry; Spin glass; Spin glasses; Antiferromagnetism; Magnetization; Spin glass; Hysteresis; Magnetic susceptibility; Magnetic transition
• ISSN: 0304-8853; 1873-4766
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.03.120

•Curie and Weiss constants vary with composition regularly but not in a mean-field way.•The location of a susceptibility maximum varies modestly until nickel content is high.•The magnetization and its hysteresis evolves regularly with composition.•The location of a metamagnetic transition varies regularly with composition.•The thermoremanent magnetization is largest at the composition extremes. Effects of disorder, frustration and low dimensional character occur in mixed magnetic Co1−xNixCl2·H2O, examined by dc magnetization and susceptibility measurements across the composition range. The pure components are quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnets ordering at 15.0 K (Co) and 5.65 K (Ni), with susceptibility maxima at 16.2 and 8.4 K respectively; a spin glass transition also appears in the cobalt system near 8 K. In each compound weaker antiferromagnetic interchain exchange interactions supplement dominant ferromagnetic exchange along MCl2MCl2M… chemical and structural chains. High temperature magnetic susceptibilities are analyzed to yield Curie and Weiss constants in χM = C/(T − θ). Regular but not mean-field composition dependences appear for C and θ. The former is not linear and the latter displays a minimum near x = 0.30. Notable is a susceptibility maxima varying in location only weakly from x = 0.10 to x = 0.70, decreasing markedly only for higher x. Magnetization isotherms evolve regularly as x varies, with systematic composition dependences of a metamagnetic transition field and hysteresis through x = 0.70. A qualitative change in the isotherms occurs for x = 0.90, but substantial curvature still appears with smaller but definite hysteresis. A thermoremanent magnetization is seen in all mixtures, and is largest for the composition extremes. Thus, nonequilibrium magnetic behavior characteristic of the cobalt component, in contrast to the more conventional nickel component, occurs even when the latter is present in strong majority.