A Case Report and Brief Literature Review on Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma in Proximal Phalanx: A Rare Location

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a rare entity, constituting only 1-2% of all primary bone tumors, and has a dismal prognosis. Nearly two-thirds of the primary tumors of DDCSs are found in the appendicular skeleton, mostly involving the femur, humerus, and pelvis. DDCS of the small bones of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCurēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 14; no. 9
Main Authors Desai, Ketav, Liu, Shiguang, Baskovich, Brett, Makary, Raafat
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Palo Alto Cureus Inc 13.09.2022
Cureus
Subjects
Amputation
Biopsy
Bones
Cartilage
Case reports
Fractures
Hands
Medical imaging
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Mutation
Pathology
Sarcoma
Tomography
Tumors
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Summary:Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (DDCS) is a rare entity, constituting only 1-2% of all primary bone tumors, and has a dismal prognosis. Nearly two-thirds of the primary tumors of DDCSs are found in the appendicular skeleton, mostly involving the femur, humerus, and pelvis. DDCS of the small bones of the hand and foot are exceedingly rare with only four cases documented in the literature so far. In this report, we present a case of a 91-year-old woman with a rapidly growing bone tumor initially thought to be a trigger finger, which, on histologic examination of the amputation, turned out to be DDCS. On a follow-up CT scan, multiple pulmonary metastases were identified. Next-generation sequencing identified isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) (p.R172S, c.516G>T), TERT (c.-146C>T), and TP53 (c.559+1G>A) mutations. Microsatellite instability was equivocal and tumor mutation burden was low. Due to the advanced age of the patient, she was given palliative treatment and was alive at the six-month follow-up.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.29105