Characterizing the gastrointestinal microbiome diversity in endangered Malayan Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus): Insights into group composition, age variability and sex‐related patterns

• Published in: Journal of medical primatology Vol. 53; no. 5; pp. e12730 - n/a
• Main Authors: Sariyati, Nur Hartini, Othman, Nursyuhada, Abdullah‐Fauzi, Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah, Chan, Eddie, Md‐Zain, Badrul Munir, Karuppannan, Kayal Vizi, Abdul‐Latiff, Muhammad Abu Bakar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Denmark Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.10.2024
• Subjects: 16S rRNA; Age composition; Age Factors; Animals; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; conservation; Dietary supplements; Digestive system; DNA sequencing; Endangered Species; Feces; Feces - microbiology; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Gastrointestinal tract; Genera; Hylobatidae; Immune system; Intestinal microflora; Malaysia; Male; Microbiomes; primate; RNA, Bacterial - analysis; RNA, Bacterial - genetics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; rRNA 16S; Sex; Sex Factors; Symphalangus syndactylus; wildlife; zoonotic; Malaysia; 16S rRNA; primate; conservation; zoonotic; wildlife
• ISSN: 0047-2565; 1600-0684; 1600-0684
• DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12730

Background The gut morphology of Symphalangus syndactylus exhibits an intermediate structure that aligns with its consumption of fruit and ability to supplement its diet with leaves. The Siamang relies on its gut microbiome for energy extraction, immune system development, and the synthesis of micronutrients. Gut microbiome composition may be structured based on several factors such as age, sex, and habitat. No study has yet been carried out on the gut microbiota of the Hylobatidae members in Malaysia especially S. syndactylus. Methods This study aims to resolve the gut microbiome composition of S. syndactylus by using a fecal sample as DNA source, adapting high‐throughput sequencing, and 16S rRNA as the targeted region. Results A total of 1 272 903 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) reads were assigned to 22 phyla, 139 families, and 210 genera of microbes. The {Unknown Phylum} Bacteria‐2 is the dominant phyla found across all samples. Meanwhile, {Unknown Phylum} Bacteria‐2 and Firmicutes are genera that have the highest relative abundance found in the Siamang gut. Conclusions This study yields nonsignificance relationship between Siamang gut microbiome composition with these three factors: group, sex, and age.