Effects of SpGSH1 and SpPCS1 overexpression or co-overexpression on cadmium accumulation in yeast and Spirodela polyrhiza

• Published in: Plant physiology and biochemistry Vol. 216; p. 109097
• Main Authors: Chen, Yan, Yang, Jingjing, Zhao, Xuyao, Sun, Zuoliang, Li, Gaojie, Hussain, Sajid, Li, Xiaozhe, Zhang, Liyuan, Wang, Zhenye, Gong, Huihua, Hou, Hongwei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Elsevier Masson SAS 01.11.2024
• Subjects: Phytoremediation; SpGSH1; Spirodela polyrhiza; SpPCS1; Yeast; Yeast; Spirodela polyrhiza; SpGSH1; SpPCS1; Phytoremediation
• ISSN: 0981-9428; 1873-2690; 1873-2690
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109097

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic elements to all organisms. Glutathione (GSH)-dependent phytochelatin (PC) synthesis pathway is considered an extremely important mechanism in Cd detoxification in plants. However, few studies have focused on the roles of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GSH1) and phytochelatin synthase (PCS1) in Cd accumulation and detoxification in plants. In this study, SpGSH1 and SpPCS1 were identified and cloned from Spirodela polyrhiza and analyzed their functions in yeast and S. polyrhiza via single- or dual-gene (SpGP1) overexpression. The findings of this study showed that SpGSH1, SpPCS1, and SpGP1 could dramatically rescue the growth of the yeast mutant Δycf1. In S. polyrhiza, SpGSH1 was located in the cytoplasm and could promote Mn and Ca accumulation. SpPCS1 was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus, mainly expressed in meristem regions, and promoted Cd, Fe, Mn, and Ca accumulation. SpGSH1 and SpPCS1 co-overexpression increased the Cd, Mn, and Ca contents. Based on the growth data of S. polyrhiza, it was recommended that biomass as the preferable indicator for assessing plant tolerance to Cd stress compared to frond number in duckweeds. Collectively, this study for the first time systematically elaborated the function of SpGSH1 and SpPCS1 for Cd detoxification in S. polyrhiza. [Display omitted] •SpGSH1 was located in the cytoplasm and promoted Cd tolerance in yeast.•SpPCS1 was located in the cytoplasm and nucleus and enhanced Cd content in yeast.•SpGSH1 promoted Mn and Ca accumulation in S. polyrhiza.•SpPCS1 promoted Cd, Mn, and Ca accumulation in S. polyrhiza.•SpGSH1 and SpPCS1 co-overexpression increased tolerance to high Cd concentrations.