Chemotherapy and Survival in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Is Pneumologists' Skepticism Justified?

Few studies have assessed whether the advantage chemotherapy has been shown to have in treating advanced non-small lung carcinoma in clinical trials is transferrable to normal health care activity. This could explain the skepticism of a large number of pneumologists towards this treatment. The objec...

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Published inArchivos de bronconeumología (English ed.) Vol. 42; no. 6; pp. 273 - 277
Main Authors Gullón Blanco, José Antonio, Suárez Toste, Isabel, Fernández Álvarez, Ramón, Rubinos Cuadrado, Gemma, Medina González, Agustín, Galindo Morales, Rosa, González Martín, Isidro Jesús
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Spanish
Published Spain 01.06.2006
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Summary:Few studies have assessed whether the advantage chemotherapy has been shown to have in treating advanced non-small lung carcinoma in clinical trials is transferrable to normal health care activity. This could explain the skepticism of a large number of pneumologists towards this treatment. The objective of our study was to analyze prognostic factors related to survival and to see whether cytostatic treatment was an independent predictor. Patients enrolled in the study had been diagnosed with non-small cell carcinoma in stages IV or IIIB with pleural or N2-N3 involvement and with [a performance status of 2 or below according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Survival was analyzed with regard to the following variables: age, sex, comorbidity, weight loss, laboratory test results, histological type, ECOG score, TNM staging, and treatment. The Student t test, the χ 2 test, the Kaplan-Meier method, the log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis were used in the statistical analysis. We enrolled 190 patients (157 men and 33 women) with a mean (SD) age of 61.75 (10.85) years (range, 33–85 years). Of these patients, 144 received cytostatic treatment and 46 palliative treatment. The median survival was 31 weeks and was related to absence of weight loss (hazard ratio [HR], 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–2.39; P=.001), cytostatic treatment (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.25–2.76; P=.002), and ECOG score of 0 to 1 (HR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.62–5.00; P=.0001). In patients with ECOG scores of 0 to 1, weight loss and treatment were significant prognostic factors. Survival in the ECOG 2 group was 15 weeks for patients undergoing cytostatic treatment and 11 weeks for patients with symptomatic treatment. In normal clinical practice, chemotherapy significantly prolongs survival in patients with performance status of less than 2, more time being gained if there is no associated weight loss. We conclude that the reluctance shown by many pneumologists toward using this treatment is not entirely justified. Pocas series han valorado si el beneficio que en los ensayos clínicos muestra la quimioterapia en el carcinoma broncogeAnico no microcítico en estadios avanzados es trasladable a la actividad asistencial habitual, lo que podría explicar el escepticismo de gran parte de los neumólogos. En este contexto, el objetivo de nuestro trabajo es analizar factores pronósticos relacionados con la supervivencia y si el tratamiento citostático influye de manera independiente. Se incluyó a pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma no microcítico en estadios IV y IIIb con afectación pleural o N2-N3 y grado de actividad, según el Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), menor o igual a 2. Se relacionaron con la supervivencia las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, comorbilidad, peArdida de peso, pará-metros analíticos, tipo histológico, ECOG, TNM y tratamiento. Para el análisis estadístico se emplearon las pruebas de la t de Student, de la χ 2, el método de Kaplan-Meier, el test de rangos logarítmicos y el modelo de regresión de Cox. Se incluyó en el estudio a 190 enfermos (157 varones y 33 mujeres), con una edad media (± desviación estándar) de 61,75 ± 10,85 años (rango: 33–85), de los cuales 144 recibieron tratamiento citostático y 46 paliativo. La mediana de supervivencia fue de 31 semanas y se relacionó con: ausencia de peArdida de peso (razón de probabilidad [HR] = 1,73; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,26–2,39; p = 0,001), tratamiento citostático (HR = 1,85; IC del 95%, 1,25–2,76; p = 0,002) y ECOG 0–1 (HR = 2,84; IC del 95%, 1,62–5,00; p = 0,0001). En el grupo ECOG 0–1 mostraban significado pronóstico la pérdida de peso y el tratamiento. La supervivencia en ECOG 2 fue de 15 semanas en los pacientes con tratamiento citostático y de 11 semanas en aquellos con tratamiento sintomático. En la práctica clínica habitual la quimioterapia prolonga la supervivencia significativamente en los pacientes con grado de actividad inferior a 2 y esta ganancia es mayor si no existe pérdida de peso asociada. Por tanto, creemos que la opinión poco favorable que muestra gran parte de los neumólogos acerca de este tratamiento no parece plenamente justificada.
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ISSN:1579-2129
0300-2896
1579-2129
DOI:10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60142-0