Hepatoprotective effect of dietary pterostilbene against high‐fat‐diet‐induced lipid accumulation exacerbated by chronic jet lag via SIRT1 and SIRT3 activation

• Published in: Phytotherapy research Vol. 38; no. 8; pp. 4099 - 4113
• Main Authors: Koh, Yen‐Chun, Yao, Ching‐Hui, Lee, Pei‐Sheng, Nagabhushanam, Kalyanam, Ho, Chi‐Tang, Pan, Min‐Hsiung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01.08.2024; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Accumulation; Activation analysis; Autophagy; Circadian rhythms; Composition effects; Diet; Dietary supplements; Enzyme inhibitors; gut microbiota; High fat diet; Intestinal microflora; Jet lag; lipid accumulation; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; Lipolysis; Liver; liver disease; Metabolism; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Obesity; Oxidation; Oxidative stress; Polyphenols; Pterostilbene; SIRT1 protein; Translocation; liver disease; lipid accumulation; Pterostilbene; gut microbiota; obesity
• ISSN: 0951-418X; 1099-1573; 1099-1573
• DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8262

Hepatic lipid metabolism is modulated by the circadian rhythm; therefore, circadian disruption may promote obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation. This study aims to investigate dietary pterostilbene (PSB) ‘s protective effect against high‐fat‐diet (HFD)‐induced lipid accumulation exacerbated by chronic jet lag and the potential role of gut microbiota therein. Mice were treated with a HFD and chronic jet lag for 14 weeks. The experimental group was supplemented with 0.25% (w/w) PSB in its diet to evaluate whether PSB had a beneficial effect. Our study found that chronic jet lag exacerbates HFD‐induced obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation, but these adverse effects were significantly mitigated by PSB supplementation. Specifically, PSB promoted hepatic lipolysis and β‐oxidation by upregulating SIRT1 expression, which indirectly reduced oxidative stress caused by lipid accumulation. Additionally, the PSB‐induced elevation of SIRT1 and SIRT3 expression helped prevent excessive autophagy and mitochondrial fission by activating Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant enzymes. The result was evidenced by the use of SIRT1 and SIRT3 inhibitors in in vitro studies, which demonstrated that activation of SIRT1 and SIRT3 by PSB is crucial for the translocation of PGC‐1α and Nrf2, respectively. Moreover, the analysis of gut microbiota suggested that PSB's beneficial effects were partly due to its positive modulation of gut microbial composition and functionality. The findings of this study suggest the potential of dietary PSB as a candidate to improve hepatic lipid metabolism via several mechanisms. It may be developed as a treatment adjuvant in the future. Dietary pterostilbene ameliorates HFD‐induced obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation worsened by chronic jet lag. Pterostilbene supplementation promotes lipolysis and β‐oxidation possibly via activation of SIRT1 and SIRT3. The upregulation of FOXO1 and FOXO3a prevents excess autophagy and mitochondrial fission via a defense system against oxidative stress. Pterostilbene‐modulated gut microbiota may partially contribute to the amelioration.