Pancreatic pseudocyst: The past, the present, and the future

A pancreatic pseudocyst is defined as an encapsulated fluid collection with a well-defined inflammatory wall with minimal or no necrosis. The diagnosis cannot be made prior to 4 wk after the onset of pancreatitis. The clinical presentation is often nonspecific, with abdominal pain being the most com...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inWorld journal of gastrointestinal surgery Vol. 16; no. 7; pp. 1986 - 2002
Main Authors Koo, Jonathan Ga, Liau, Matthias Yi Quan, Kryvoruchko, Igor A, Habeeb, Tamer Aam, Chia, Christopher, Shelat, Vishal G
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 27.07.2024
Subjects
Review
Pancreatic fluid collection
Cystic pancreatic lesions
Pancreatic pseudocyst
Endoscopic ultrasound
Pancreatitis
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Summary:A pancreatic pseudocyst is defined as an encapsulated fluid collection with a well-defined inflammatory wall with minimal or no necrosis. The diagnosis cannot be made prior to 4 wk after the onset of pancreatitis. The clinical presentation is often nonspecific, with abdominal pain being the most common symptom. If a diagnosis is suspected, contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging are performed to confirm the diagnosis and assess the characteristics of the pseudocyst. Endoscopic ultrasound with cyst fluid analysis can be performed in cases of diagnostic uncertainty. Pseudocyst of the pancreas can lead to complications such as hemorrhage, infection, and rupture. The management of pancreatic pseudocysts depends on the presence of symptoms and the development of complications, such as biliary or gastric outlet obstruction. Management options include endoscopic or surgical drainage. The aim of this review was to summarize the current literature on pancreatic pseudocysts and discuss the evolution of the definitions, diagnosis, and management of this condition.
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Author contributions: Koo JGA, Liau MYQ, Kryvoruchko IA, Habeeb TAAM, Chia C, and Shelat VG conceptualized the paper, drafted the paper, and made critical revisions; Kryvoruchko IA, Habeeb TAAM, Chia C, and Shelat VG contributed the relevant clinical photos; All authors provided final approval of the version of the paper to be published.
Corresponding author: Vishal G Shelat, FRCS, MBBS, MMed, Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore. vishal_g_shelat@ttsh.com.sg
ISSN:1948-9366
1948-9366
DOI:10.4240/wjgs.v16.i7.1986