Ultrasonographic findings in the bladder of cattle at different stages of evolution of bovine enzootic hematuria in Brazil

• Published in: Research in veterinary science Vol. 180; p. 105385
• Main Authors: Chenard, Marina Galindo, de Almeida Pereira, Josielle, de Menezes Paes, Jade, de Souza Ramos, Luiz Filipe Cabral, Pérez, Yohany Arnold Alfonso, Xavier, Waldyr, Russano, Kicia, Nunes de Souza, Guilherme, Gaudêncio, Fabricio Nascimento, da Silva, Kássia Valéria Gomes Coelho, Lessa, Daniel Augusto Barroso, Alencar, Nayro Xavier, Helayel, Michel Abdalla
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2024
• Subjects: Intoxication; Neoplasia; Pteridium arachnoideum; Ultrasound; Urinary system; Intoxication; Urinary system; Neoplasia; Ultrasound; Pteridium arachnoideum
• ISSN: 0034-5288; 1532-2661; 1532-2661
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105385

Despite the diagnostic capacity of ultrasonography (US) in cases of bovine enzootic hematuria (BEH), it has been underused in the medical clinic for ruminants. Studies comparing ultrasound findings in healthy animals (HA) with subclinical (SCH) and clinical (CH) BEH are scarce in the literature. As a result, the present work aims to describe the US findings of cattle at different stages of BEH evolution, evaluating the diagnostic capacity and precocity of the technique. The study was carried out on five rural properties in the municipalities of Rio Preto and Bom Jardim de Minas – MG, Brazil, using 46 dairy cattle, females over 18 months of age, evaluated and classified as G1/CH, G2/SCH and G3/HA, according to history, clinical examination and urinalysis, with subsequent ultrasound analysis of the bladder. The mean bladder wall thickness was 36.50 mm in G1/CH, 33.53 mm in G2/SCH and 37.93 mm in G3/HA. Irregular walls were observed in 53.33 % (8/15) of G1/CH, 27 0.78 % (5/18) of G2/SCH and 38.46 % (5/13) of G3/HA. Loss of the architecture of the urothelium layers was observed in 53.33 % (8/15) of G1/CH, 33.33 % (6/18) of G2/SCH and 38.46 % (5/13) of G3/HA. Multifocal and Grade I lesion were the most common. Ultrasonography allowed the identification of lesions in 38.46 % of animals that did not present hematuria and in 33.33 % of animals that presented occult blood and proved to be an efficient technique for detecting pre-clinical cases of BEH, allowing easy identification. and early onset of BEH cases. •Ultrasonography is an efficient technique for detecting preclinical cases of Enzootic Bovine Hematuria.•Ultrasonography is effective for early detection of Enzootic Bovine Hematuria, even before symptoms show•Ultrasound is underused in ruminant clinics, despite being effective for diagnosing Enzootic Bovine Hematuria.•The study compares ultrasound findings in healthy cattle and those with Enzootic Bovine Hematuria.