SERS characterization of biochemical changes associated with biodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene using Gordonia sp. HS126-4N

• Published in: Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy Vol. 320; p. 124534
• Main Authors: Umar Hussain, Muhammad, Kainat, Kiran, Nawaz, Haq, Irfan Majeed, Muhammad, Akhtar, Nasrin, Alshammari, Abdulrahman, Albekairi, Norah A., Fatima, Rida, Amber, Arooj, Bano, Aqsa, Shabbir, Ifra, Tahira, Maryam, Pallares, Roger M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier B.V 05.11.2024
• Subjects: Bacterial growth; Biodesulfurization; Dibenzothiophene; Gordonia sp. HS126-4N; Partial least squares discriminant analysis; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; Bacterial growth; Biodesulfurization; Partial least squares discriminant analysis; Gordonia sp. HS126-4N; Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; Dibenzothiophene
• ISSN: 1386-1425; 1873-3557
• DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124534

[Display omitted] •SERS is used to identify metabolic alterations that occur during DBT biodesulfurization by Gordonia sp. HS126-4N.•Raman signal detection has been enhanced by the use of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs).•After 72 h, spectral analysis identified unique characteristics linked to Gordonia sp. HS126′s metabolic activities.•Changes in the SERS spectra show the effect of 2-HBP on desulfurization enzyme activity across longer exposure times.•PCA has been used to identify the metabolic alterations linked to biodesulfurization.•PLS-DA achieved great accuracy in differentiating all bacterial pellets collected at different exposure times. In this study, Gordonia sp. HS126-4N was employed for dibenzothiophene (DBT) biodesulfurization, tracked over 9 days using SERS. During the initial lag phase, no significant spectral changes were observed, but after 48 h, elevated metabolic activity was evident. At 72 h, maximal bacterial population correlated with peak spectrum variance, followed by stable spectral patterns. Despite 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP) induced enzyme suppression, DBT biodesulfurization persisted. PCA and PLS-DA analysis of the SERS spectra revealed distinctive features linked to both bacteria and DBT, showcasing successful desulfurization and bacterial growth stimulation. PLS-DA achieved a specificity of 95.5 %, sensitivity of 94.3 %, and AUC of 74 %, indicating excellent classification of bacteria exposed to DBT. SERS effectively tracked DBT biodesulfurization and bacterial metabolic changes, offering insights into biodesulfurization mechanisms and bacterial development phases. This study highlights SERS' utility in biodesulfurization research, including its use in promising advancements in the field.