Effect of stress-induced hyperglycemia on long-term mortality in non-diabetic patients with acute type A aortic dissection: a retrospective analysis

• Published in: Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ Vol. 58; no. 1; p. 2373099
• Main Authors: Liu, Zhang, Huang, Weiqin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 31.12.2024
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Aortic Aneurysm - blood; Aortic Aneurysm - mortality; Aortic Dissection - blood; Aortic Dissection - mortality; Biomarkers - blood; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Female; Humans; Hyperglycemia - blood; Hyperglycemia - complications; Hyperglycemia - diagnosis; Hyperglycemia - mortality; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Acute aortic dissection; Post-operative mortality; Stress-induced hyperglycemia; Surgery; Adverse outcome
• ISSN: 1401-7431; 1651-2006; 1651-2006
• DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2024.2373099

Acute Type A Aortic Dissection (AAAD) is one of the most life-threatening diseases, often associated with transient hyperglycemia induced by acute physiological stress. The impact of stress-induced hyperglycemia on the prognosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction has been reported. However, the relationship between stress-induced hyperglycemia and the prognosis of AAAD patients remains uncertain. The clinical data of 456 patients with acute type A aortic dissection were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups based on their admission blood glucose. Cox model regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between stress-induced hyperglycemia and the 30-day and 1-year mortality rates of these patients. Among the 456 patients, 149 cases (32.7%) had AAAD combined with stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH). The results of the multifactor regression analysis of the Cox model indicated that hyperglycemia (RR = 1.505, 95% CI: 1.046-2.165,  = 0.028), aortic coarctation involving renal arteries (RR = 3.330, 95% CI: 2.237-4.957,  < 0.001), aortic coarctation involving superior mesenteric arteries (RR = 1.611, 95% CI: 1.056-2.455,  = 0.027), and aortic coarctation involving iliac arteries (RR = 2.034, 95% CI: 1.364-3.035,  = 0.001) were independent influences on 1-year postoperative mortality in AAAD patients. The current findings indicate that stress-induced hyperglycemia measured on admission is strongly associated with 1-year mortality in patients with AAAD. Furthermore, stress-induced hyperglycemia may be related to the severity of the condition in patients with AAAD.