Scalp microbiome: a guide to better understanding scalp diseases and treatments
The scalp microbiome represents an array of microorganisms important in maintaining scalp homeostasis and mediating inflammation. Scalp microbial dysregulation has been implicated in dermatologic conditions including alopecia areata (AA), dandruff/seborrheic dermatitis (D/SD), scalp psoriasis (SP) a...
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Published in | Archives of dermatological research Vol. 316; no. 8; p. 495 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
29.07.2024
Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The scalp microbiome represents an array of microorganisms important in maintaining scalp homeostasis and mediating inflammation. Scalp microbial dysregulation has been implicated in dermatologic conditions including alopecia areata (AA), dandruff/seborrheic dermatitis (D/SD), scalp psoriasis (SP) and folliculitis decalvans (FD). Understanding the impact of scalp microbial dysbiosis gives insight on disease pathophysiology and guides therapeutic decision making. Herein we review the scalp microbiome and its functional role in scalp conditions by analysis of metagenomic medical literature in alopecia, D/SD, SP, and other dermatologic disease.
Increased abundance of
Malassezia, Staphylococcus,
and
Brevibacterium
was associated with SD compared to healthy controls. A higher proportion of
Corynebacterium, actinobacteria
, and
firmicutes
are present in AA patients, and lower proportions of
Staphylococcus caprae
are associated with worse clinical outcomes. Decreased prevalence of
actinobacteria
and
Propionibacterium
and increased
firmicutes, staphylococcus,
and
streptococcus
are associated with scalp psoriasis. Studies of central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) suggest scalp microbial composition contributes to CCCA’s pro-inflammatory status. The most common organisms associated with FD include methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
and
S. lugdunensis
. Antifungals have been a mainstay treatment for these diseases, while other alternatives including coconut oils and shampoos with heat-killed probiotics have shown considerable potential efficacy by replenishing the scalp microbiome. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1432-069X 0340-3696 1432-069X |
DOI: | 10.1007/s00403-024-03235-2 |