Weld Bead Geometry Dimensions Measurement based on Pixel Intensity by Image Analysis Techniques

• Published in: Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India) Series C Vol. 100; no. 2; pp. 379 - 384
• Main Authors: Singh, Akhilesh Kumar, Dey, Vidyut, Rai, Ram Naresh, Debnath, Tapas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer India 05.04.2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aerospace Technology and Astronautics; Bead on plate welding; Case Study; Digital cameras; Digital imaging; Engineering; Gas tungsten arc welding; Geometry; Heat affected zone; Image analysis; Image quality; Industrial and Production Engineering; Information retrieval; Mechanical Engineering; Pixels; Rare gases; Slopes; Steel plates; IAT and Taguchi L9 (3 × 3); Sub-zones width dimension; Weld parameters
• ISSN: 2250-0545; 2250-0553
• DOI: 10.1007/s40032-017-0392-8

Weld bead geometry dimensions were measured by Image Analysis Techniques (IAT’s) help to analyze an image based on the intensity level of its pixels. Based on intensity level the desired information is extracted from the image. Various techniques in image analysis help in improving the quality of the image thereby help to retrieve the information that is being sought. In present study, Autogenous Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) bead-on-plate (BOP) welding was carried out on grade P-91 steel plates of size 100 mm × 50 mm × 6 mm. For welding, Taguchi’s L9 (3 3 ) orthogonal array design was adopted. The features like weld penetration, weld width and heat affected zone (HAZ) with their various subzones pixels intensity were measured by an IAT. The present IAT used the ordinary digital camera to capture the welded images. The dimensions of the weld features were compared to those measured by Leica-Q-win-V3 software. The study established that results in both methods were commensurate. Thus, the image analysis technique used in the study can be easily adopted for measurement of weld bead geometry as this method requires minimum human intervention and generates a complete picture of the weld profile.