Dorsal approach for isolated volar fracture-dislocation of the base of the second metacarpal: A case report
β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contrib...
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Published in | World journal of clinical cases Vol. 11; no. 28; pp. 6871 - 6876 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
06.10.2023
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | β cells are the main cells responsible for the hypoglycemic function of pancreatic islets, and the insulin secreted by these cells is the only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels in the human body. β cells are regulated by various factors, among which neurotransmitters make an important contribution. This paper discusses the effects of neurotransmitters secreted by various sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves on β cells and summarizes the mechanisms by which various neurotransmitters regulate insulin secretion. Many neurotransmitters do not have a single source and are not only released from nerve terminals but also synthesized by β cells themselves, allowing them to synergistically regulate insulin secretion. Almost all of these neurotransmitters depend on the presence of glucose to function, and their actions are mostly related to the Ca2+ and cAMP concentrations. Although neurotransmitters have been extensively studied, many of their mechanisms remain unclear and require further exploration by researchers. |
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Bibliography: | Author contributions: Kurozumi T analyzed the case and wrote the manuscript; Saito M, Odachi K and Masui F contributed equally to this work; All authors have read and approve the final manuscript. Corresponding author: Taketo Kurozumi, MD, PhD, Director, Trauma Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2, Toranomon, Minato, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan. taketo_kurozumi@m6.dion.ne.jp |
ISSN: | 2307-8960 2307-8960 |
DOI: | 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i28.6871 |