Anti-tumor effects of prostaglandin D2 and its metabolites, 15-deoxy-Δ12, 14-PGJ2, by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-dependent and -independent pathways

• Published in: Inflammation and Regeneration Vol. 31; no. 2; pp. 189 - 195
• Main Authors: Nakamura, Masaki, Yamaguchi, Shohei, Motoyoshi, Katsuaki, Negishi, Miku, Saito-Taki, Tatsuo, Matsumoto, Kazumasa, Hayashi, Izumi, Majima, Masataka, Kitasato, Hidero
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: The Japanese Society of Inflammation and Regeneration 2011
• Subjects: 15d-PGJ2; anti-tumor effect; cell therapy
• ISSN: 1880-9693; 1880-8190
• DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.31.189

Hematopoietic prostaglandin (PG) D synthase (H-PGDS) is known as key enzyme in the production of PGD2 and its J series metabolite, 15-deoxy-Δ12, 14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2), is thought to play an important role for anti-inflammatory effects. Anti-tumor effects of 15d-PGJ2 has been shown to be involved in both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ independent and dependent pathways. The independent pathway includes the repression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 via the down-regulation of NFκB. The dependent pathway included repression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors and COX-2 with down-regulation of NFκB, followed by the activation of PPAR γ. In this review, we focused on the role of 15d-PGJ2 in anti-tumor effects including our evaluation in mouse bladder carcinoma model.