Characterisation of Urban Inhalation Exposures to Benzene, Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde in the European Union

Characterization of urban inhalation exposures to benzene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the European Union, was presented. Personal inhalation exposures were monitored for characterizing the impact of chemicals. The concentrations of chemicals were collected using radial type diffusion samplers....

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Published inEnvironmental science and pollution research international Vol. 15; no. 5; pp. 417 - 430
Main Authors de Bruin, YB, Koistinen, K, Kephalopoulos, S, Kotzias, D
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published 01.07.2008
Subjects
European Union
Europe
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Summary:Characterization of urban inhalation exposures to benzene, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the European Union, was presented. Personal inhalation exposures were monitored for characterizing the impact of chemicals. The concentrations of chemicals were collected using radial type diffusion samplers. Exposure and risk assessments led to effective and targeted risk management decisions, promoting the protection of human health and the environment. a microenvironment modelling approach was applied to estimate the inhalation exposure based on two exposure determinants, including concentration and time allocation in microenvironments. The microenvironment consisted of transportation modes that combust fuel. The results showed that the highest benzene inhalation exposures, indoor and outdoor concentrations were mostly measured in Southern European cities.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-1
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ISSN:0944-1344
DOI:10.1007/s11356-008-0013-4