Correction of chronic prostatitis by extracorporeal shock wave therapy

• Published in: Andrologii͡a︡ i genitalʹnai͡a︡ khirurgii͡a Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 53 - 59
• Main Authors: Epifanova, M. V., Kostin, А. А., Gameeva, E. V., Artemenko, S. A., Epifanov, А. А.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Russian
• Published: ABV-press 18.03.2022
• Subjects: chronic pelvic pain syndrome; chronic prostatitis; extracorporeal shock wave therapy; inflammation; prostate
• ISSN: 2070-9781; 2412-8902
• DOI: 10.17650/1726-9784-2022-23-1-53-59

Introduction. This article presents the results of treatment of patients with chronic prostatitis (CP) type II, IIIA and IIIB by extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT). The study objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of ESWT in the treatment of CP. Materials and methods. The research included 43 patients with CP. The patient’s age was 38.8 (27–65). The mean CP duration was 13.5 (3–24) months. 43 patients were assigned into 3 groups based on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) examination. Group 1 had fibrotic changes in the prostate (n = 21). Group 2 had prostate calcifications (n = 5). Group 3 had fibrotic changes and calcifications in the prostate (n = 17). Treatment included ESWT (Dornier Aries) twice per week during 6 weeks. Each ESWT-session was comprised 2000–3500 pulses (0.05–0.062 mJ/mm2) and 8–6 Hz of frequency. All men were evaluated on 0 and 60 days of the study using NIH-CPSI (National Institutes Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index), IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score), TRUS of the prostate, the culture of seminal or prostate fluid, spermogram or prostate fluid analysis, serum prostatic specific antigen for men over 50 years of age. Results. The patients over 50 years-old had total prostatic specific antigen less than 4 ng/ml. Bacterial growth was found in the culture of seminal/prostate fluid of the 26 patients. They were additionally prescribed antibiotics according to antibiogram. All patients got the treatment well. Control study pointed at lower scores of NIH-CPSI – grade decreased from 13.39 (1–34) to 5.54 (0–24) (p <0.05), IPSS decreased from 11.39 (0–34) to 4.39 (0–29) (p <0.05). Prostate volume decreased from 25.18 (12.2–58.8) cm3 to 22.78 (12–56.6) cm3 according to TRUS (p >0.05). In the group 1 in 3 cases local fibrosis were completely resolved, in 18 cases fibrotic changes decreased from 5.3 (0–13) mm to 3.24 (0–8.1) mm (p <0.05). In the second group the number and the size of calcifications decreased from 6.92 (2–21) mm to 4 (0–20) mm (p >0.05). In the group 3 calcifications were completely resolved (p <0.05), the volume of fibrosis decreased from 6.8 (3.2–15) mm to 4.5 (1–17) mm (p <0.05). Bacterial growth wasn’t found in 9 patients’ seminal/ prostate fluid, 16 patients had a decrease of the causative agent concentration on 60 day, WBC count normalized in all subjects with CP/chronic pelvic pain syndrome IIIA. Conclusion. ESWT is an effective and non-invasive method of treatment of CP type II, IIIA and IIIB. The proposed treatment to relieve pain syndrome, inflammation, to promote lysis of fibrosis zone and calcinates, improves the draining function of prostate, contributing to accelerated elimination of microflora.