Clicking gallic acid into chitosan prolongs its antioxidant activity and produces intracellular Ca2+ responses in rat brain cells

• Published in: International journal of biological macromolecules Vol. 277; no. Pt 3; p. 134343
• Main Authors: Pérez-Delgado, Francisco Jonathan, García-Villa, Miriam Denise, Fernández-Quiroz, Daniel, Villegas-Ochoa, Mónica, Domínguez-Avila, Jesús Abraham, Gonzalez-Aguilar, Gustavo Adolfo, Ayala-Zavala, Jesús Fernando, Martínez-Martínez, Alejandro, Montiel-Herrera, Marcelino
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.10.2024
• Subjects: Chitosan; Click chemistry; Gallic acid; Intracellular Ca2+ responses; Olfactory bulb cells; Intracellular Ca2+ responses; Click chemistry; Chitosan; Gallic acid; Olfactory bulb cells
• ISSN: 0141-8130; 1879-0003; 1879-0003
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134343

Gallic acid is a vegetable-derived and highly bioactive phenolic acid, but its antioxidant capacity is sensitive to environmental conditions. Chitosan is a biopolymer capable of exerting significant protection to various molecules, including phenolic compounds. A chitosan derivative that extends the antioxidant activity of gallic acid was synthesized by click chemistry and characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and antioxidant capacity assays. Our results show that synthesized polymeric solutions and nanoparticles of N-(gallic acid) chitosan were both internalized by rat brain cells, processes that were modulated by extracellular Ca2+ and Na+. Their internalization was supported by dynamic light scattering and ζ-potential analyses, while Ca2+ imaging recordings performed in brain cells revealed the potential biological effect of N-(gallic acid) chitosan. We conclude that the synthesis of an N-(gallic acid) chitosan derivative through click chemistry is viable and may serve as strategy to prolong its antioxidant activity and to study its biological effects in vivo. [Display omitted]