Mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles arabiensis, An. gambiae and An. coluzzii show no clear species division [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]

• Published in: F1000 research Vol. 7; p. 347
• Main Authors: Hanemaaijer, Mark J, Houston, Parker D, Collier, Travis C, Norris, Laura C, Fofana, Abdrahamane, Lanzaro, Gregory C, Cornel, Anthony J, Lee, Yoosook
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 2018
• Subjects: Africa South of the Sahara; Animals; Anopheles - classification; Anopheles - genetics; Genetic Markers; Genome, Insect; Genome, Mitochondrial; Phylogeny; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Species Specificity; Africa South of the Sahara; mosquitoes; Anopheles; Mitogenome; malaria vector; species identification; Africa; single nucleotide polymorphisms; phylogenomics
• ISSN: 2046-1402; 2046-1402
• DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13807.1

Here we report the complete mitochondrial sequences of 70 individual field collected mosquito specimens from throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. We generated this dataset to identify species specific markers for the following Anopheles species and chromosomal forms: An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii (The Forest and Mopti chromosomal forms) and An. gambiae (The Bamako and Savannah chromosomal forms).  The raw Illumina sequencing reads were mapped to the NC_002084 reference mitogenome sequence. A total of 783 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected on the mitochondrial genome, of which 460 are singletons (58.7%). None of these SNPs are suitable as molecular markers to distinguish among An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii and An. gambiae or any of the chromosomal forms. The lack of species or chromosomal form specific markers is also reflected in the constructed phylogenetic tree, which shows no clear division among the operational taxonomic units considered here.