Malaria Transmission Under an Unusual Circumstance Causing Death in Two Siblings
Two school-going siblings from a family residing in a presumed malaria non-endemic locality ∼90 km from Mangalore city in southwestern India contracted Plasmodium falciparum infection. In both cases, misunderstanding of initial clinical symptoms as due to viral hepatitis resulted in progression to s...
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| Published in | The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene Vol. 95; no. 1; pp. 155 - 157 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
06.07.2016
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| Series | Case Report |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Two school-going siblings from a family residing in a presumed malaria non-endemic locality ∼90 km from Mangalore city in southwestern India contracted Plasmodium falciparum infection. In both cases, misunderstanding of initial clinical symptoms as due to viral hepatitis resulted in progression to severe malaria before malaria treatment was initiated. Despite treatment at a tertiary hospital, the children died of cerebral malaria and multi-organ dysfunction. Active case detection in the affected locality suggested that the infection was transmitted from infected individuals who worked in nearby malaria-endemic areas and periodically visited their families. A lesson from this study is that lethal falciparum malaria can be transmitted in regions of India, believed to be non-endemic for the disease, resulting in fatal outcomes if diagnosis is missed or delayed. Implementation of effective surveillance and control measures as well as preparedness for malaria detection and diagnosis are necessary in areas that are potentially disposed to malaria transmission even though they are presumed to be non-endemic. |
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| AbstractList | Two school-going siblings from a family residing in a presumed malaria non-endemic locality ∼90 km from Mangalore city in southwestern India contracted Plasmodium falciparum infection. In both cases, misunderstanding of initial clinical symptoms as due to viral hepatitis resulted in progression to severe malaria before malaria treatment was initiated. Despite treatment at a tertiary hospital, the children died of cerebral malaria and multi-organ dysfunction. Active case detection in the affected locality suggested that the infection was transmitted from infected individuals who worked in nearby malaria-endemic areas and periodically visited their families. A lesson from this study is that lethal falciparum malaria can be transmitted in regions of India, believed to be non-endemic for the disease, resulting in fatal outcomes if diagnosis is missed or delayed. Implementation of effective surveillance and control measures as well as preparedness for malaria detection and diagnosis are necessary in areas that are potentially disposed to malaria transmission even though they are presumed to be non-endemic. Two school-going siblings from a family residing in a presumed malaria non-endemic locality ∼90 km from Mangalore city in southwestern India contracted Plasmodium falciparum infection. In both cases, misunderstanding of initial clinical symptoms as due to viral hepatitis resulted in progression to severe malaria before malaria treatment was initiated. Despite treatment at a tertiary hospital, the children died of cerebral malaria and multi-organ dysfunction. Active case detection in the affected locality suggested that the infection was transmitted from infected individuals who worked in nearby malaria-endemic areas and periodically visited their families. A lesson from this study is that lethal falciparum malaria can be transmitted in regions of India, believed to be non-endemic for the disease, resulting in fatal outcomes if diagnosis is missed or delayed. Implementation of effective surveillance and control measures as well as preparedness for malaria detection and diagnosis are necessary in areas that are potentially disposed to malaria transmission even though they are presumed to be non-endemic. Two school-going siblings from a family residing in a presumed malaria non-endemic locality -90 km from Mangalore city in southwestern India contracted Plasmodium falciparum infection. In both cases, misunderstanding of initial clinical symptoms as due to viral hepatitis resulted in progression to severe malaria before malaria treatment was initiated. Despite treatment at a tertiary hospital, the children died of cerebral malaria and multi-organ dysfunction. Active case detection in the affected locality suggested that the infection was transmitted from infected individuals who worked in nearby malaria-endemic areas and periodically visited their families. A lesson from this study is that lethal falciparum malaria can be transmitted in regions of India, believed to be non-endemic for the disease, resulting in fatal outcomes if diagnosis is missed or delayed. Implementation of effective surveillance and control measures as well as preparedness for malaria detection and diagnosis are necessary in areas that are potentially disposed to malaria transmission even though they are presumed to be non-endemic. |
| Author | Punnath, Kishore Tiwari, Sathyanarayan N Chandrashekar, Valleesha N Kakkilaya, Srinivas B Ghosh, Susanta K Dayanand, Kiran K Gowda, D Channe Achur, Rajeshwara N Kadambi, Sudarshan S |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 3 Light House Polyclinic, Spandana Center for Metabolic Medicine, Mangalore, Karnataka, India 2 Department of Biochemistry, Kuvempu University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India 5 Directorate of Health and Family Welfare Services, Government of Karnataka, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 4 National Institute of Malaria Research, Bangalore Field Station, ICMR Complex, Bangalore, Karnataka, India |
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| References | Ghosh (ref9) 2008; 33 Al-Amin (ref15) 2015; 8 Kumar (ref5) 2007; 77 Mendis (ref6) 2001; 64 Snow (ref2) 2005; 434 Nagpal (ref12) 1995 Nursing (ref16) 1934; 4 Sadanandane (ref14) 2010 Murray (ref3) 2012; 379 World Health Organization (ref13) 1975 Genton (ref11) 2008; 5 Anstey (ref7) 2009; 25 Kochar (ref8) 2009; 80 Cox-Singh (ref4) 2008; 24 World Health Organization (ref1) 2014 World Health Organization (ref10) 2000; 94 |
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| Snippet | Two school-going siblings from a family residing in a presumed malaria non-endemic locality ∼90 km from Mangalore city in southwestern India contracted... Two school-going siblings from a family residing in a presumed malaria non-endemic locality -90 km from Mangalore city in southwestern India contracted... |
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| SubjectTerms | Child Diagnostic Errors Fatal Outcome Female Hepatitis - diagnosis Humans India Malaria, Cerebral - diagnosis Malaria, Cerebral - transmission Malaria, Falciparum - diagnosis Malaria, Falciparum - transmission Male Plasmodium falciparum Siblings Socioeconomic Factors Tertiary Care Centers |
| Title | Malaria Transmission Under an Unusual Circumstance Causing Death in Two Siblings |
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