Infrared Observations of the Jovian System from Voyager 1

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 204; no. 4396; pp. 972 - 976
• Main Authors: Hanel, R., Conrath, B., Flasar, M., Kunde, V., Lowman, P., Maguire, W., Pearl, J., Pirraglia, J., Samuelson, R., Gautier, D., Gierasch, P., Kumar, S., Ponnamperuma, C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Association for the Advancement of Science 01.06.1979
• Subjects: Atmosphere; Brightness temperature; Clouds; Infrared spectrum; Jovian atmosphere; Jovian satellites; Jupiter; Jupiter (Planet); Jupiter red spot; Methane; Observations; Space probes; Spectral resolution; Stratosphere; Troposphere
• ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.204.4396.972-b

The infrared spectroscopy and radiometry investigation has obtained spectra of Jupiter and its satellites between approximately 180 and 2500 cm$^{-1}$ with a spectral resolution of 4.3 cm$^{-1}$. The Jupiter spectra show clear evidence of H$_{2}$, CH$_{4}$, C$_{2}$H$_{2}$, C$_{2}$H$_{6}$, CH$_{3}$D, NH$_{3}$, PH$_{3}$, H$_{2}$O, and GeH$_{4}$. A helium concentration of 0.11 ± 0.03 by volume is obtained. Meridional temperature cross sections show considerable structure. At high latitudes, the stratosphere is warmer in the north than in the south. The upper troposphere and lower stratosphere are locally cold over the Great Red Spot. Amalthea is warmer than expected. Considerable thermal structure is observed on Io, including a relatively hot region in the vicinity of a volcanic feature.