Lactate and lactylation in cardiovascular diseases: current progress and future perspectives

• Published in: Metabolism, clinical and experimental Vol. 158; p. 155957
• Main Authors: Zhu, Wengen, Guo, Siyu, Sun, Junyi, Zhao, Yudan, Liu, Chen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.09.2024
• Subjects: Cardiovascular diseases; Epigenesis; Glycolysis; Lactate; Lactylation; Kla; MPC; H4K12la; Lactate; CPT; KEAP1; OXPHOS; GLO; HMGB1; NF-κB; HSC; MI; JAK1; mLOC; VSMCs; GCN5; H3K4me3; PKA; METTL3; DHAP; MAPK; CVD; TCA; LGSH; NKT cells; ET-1; ROS; GAP; GPCR; Epigenesis; Cardiovascular diseases; HDAC; ERK; EndoMT; YAP1; MeCP2; AARS1; PHD2; NDRG3; cAMP; CBP; LDH; NRF2; PDH; TGF-β; HIF1α; Lactylation; PDHA1; H3K18la; VEGF; Treg; CM; ox-LDL; NAD; lactyl-CoA; LRG1; MGO; FASN; PAH; Glycolysis; ATP; HF; MCT
• ISSN: 0026-0495; 1532-8600; 1532-8600
• DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155957

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are often linked to structural and functional impairments, such as heart defects and circulatory dysfunction, leading to compromised peripheral perfusion and heightened morbidity risks. Metabolic remodeling, particularly in the context of cardiac fibrosis and inflammation, is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of CVDs. Metabolic syndromes further predispose individuals to these conditions, underscoring the need to elucidate the metabolic underpinnings of CVDs. Lactate, a byproduct of glycolysis, is now recognized as a key molecule that connects cellular metabolism with the regulation of cellular activity. The transport of lactate between different cells is essential for metabolic homeostasis and signal transduction. Disruptions to lactate dynamics are implicated in various CVDs. Furthermore, lactylation, a novel post-translational modification, has been identified in cardiac cells, where it influences protein function and gene expression, thereby playing a significant role in CVD pathogenesis. In this review, we summarized recent advancements in understanding the role of lactate and lactylation in CVDs, offering fresh insights that could guide future research directions and therapeutic interventions. The potential of lactate metabolism and lactylation as innovative therapeutic targets for CVD is a promising avenue for exploration. •Lactate, an intermediate metabolite and signaling molecule, is integral to various pathophysiological processes.•Alternations in glycolytic rates and lactate concentrations are linked to metabolic remodeling in cardiovascular diseases.•Lactylation exerts a central influence on multiple pathophysiological processes.•Current research indicates that lactylation is involved in the progression of cardiovascular diseases.