Exosomal MicroRNA Discovery in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common condition causing progressive visual impairment, leading to irreversible blindness. Existing diagnostic tools for AMD are limited to clinical signs of drusen deposition in the macula and the visual assessment of the patient. The presence of circulat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inMethods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) Vol. 2595; p. 137
Main Authors Elshelmani, Hanan, Rani, Sweta
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 2023
Subjects
Circulating MicroRNA
Exosomes - genetics
Humans
Macula Lutea
Macular Degeneration - genetics
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNA
Neovascular AMD
Age-related macular degeneration
Serum
Exosomes
Atrophic AMD
Retinal pigment epithelium
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Summary:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common condition causing progressive visual impairment, leading to irreversible blindness. Existing diagnostic tools for AMD are limited to clinical signs of drusen deposition in the macula and the visual assessment of the patient. The presence of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the peripheral circulatory system with potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and/or predictive biomarkers has been reported in a number of conditions/diseases. miRNAs are key regulators of several biological processes, and miRNA dysregulation has been linked with numerous diseases, most remarkably cancer. miRNAs have been shown to be involved in AMD pathology, and several miRNA target genes and signalling pathways were associated with AMD pathogenesis. Exosomes are 50-90 nm membrane microvesicles (MVs), released by several cell types. Although exosomal functions are not completely understood, there is much evidence to suggest that exosomes play an essential role in cell-cell communication. They may stimulate target cells by transferring different bioactive molecules such as miRNA. Here we discuss methods to isolate exosome using serum specimens from AMD patients and miRNA profiling for the better understanding of the disease.
ISSN:1940-6029
DOI:10.1007/978-1-0716-2823-2_10