Association of monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and tumor necrosis factor-α in various stages of chronic kidney disease

• Published in: Journal of advanced biotechnology and experimental therapeutics Vol. 7; no. 2; pp. 346 - 356
• Main Authors: Sari, Desty, Wardhani, Puspa, Puspitasari, Yessy, Suryantoro, Satriyo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bangladesh Society for Microbiology, Immunology, and Advanced Biotechnology 2024
• Subjects: chronic kidney disease; inflammation; monocyte to lymphocyte ratio; neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio; tumor necrosis factor alpha; urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio
• ISSN: 2616-4760; 2616-4760
• DOI: 10.5455/jabet.2024.d29

Chronic inflammation can have a considerable impact on the progression of glomerular and tubulointerstitial pathologies in chronic kidney disease (CKD). As an alternative to the early detection of inflammatory markers that are most important in the progression of CKD, this study aims to analyze the association of MLR, NLR, and TNF-? with the stages of CKD. This cross-sectional study conducted at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, in mid-2023 involved 65 CKD subjects, consisting of 5 stages of CKD according to KDIGO guidelines. eGFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI creatinine equation. MLR and NLR were calculated from the differential count hematology analyzer Sysmex XN-550. TNF-α was examined using the sandwich ELISA method. Random-spot urine was used for the UACR examination (TMS 24i Premium Chemical Analyzer). There were significant differences in MLR and TNF-α at various stages of CKD (p<0.05), but NLR showed no significant difference at different stages of CKD (p>0.05). There was a significant association between MLR (p<0.001, r = 0.470) and NLR (p = 0.046, r = 0.248) with the stages of CKD. TNF-α was not associated with the stages of CKD. MLR and NLR were not associated with TNF-α at CKD. MLR, NLR, and TNF-α had no significant relationship with UACR (p>0.05). In conclusion, MLR is better for assessing the progression of chronic kidney disease compared to NLR and TNF-α.