Association of OAS1 gene polymorphism with the severity of COVID‑19 infection

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has underscored the critical need to investigate host genetic factors that may influence disease susceptibility and severity. Among these, the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 (OAS1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10774671 has...

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Published inWorld Academy of Sciences Journal Vol. 6; no. 6; p. 1
Main Authors Bader El Din, Noha, Moustafa, Rehab, Ghaleb, Enaya, El‑Shenawy, Reem, Agwa, Mona, Helmy, Naiera, El‑Shiekh, Mohamed, Yousif, Ahmed, Mahfouz, Mohammad, Seif, Ahmed, Abdelghaffar, Muhammad, Elsayed, Hassan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Spandidos Publications 01.11.2024
Subjects
Analysis
Antiviral agents
Biotechnology industry
Coronaviruses
Disease susceptibility
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genetic markers
Health aspects
Single nucleotide polymorphisms
United States
Egypt
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Summary:The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has underscored the critical need to investigate host genetic factors that may influence disease susceptibility and severity. Among these, the 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 (OAS1) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10774671 has been implicated in the antiviral response against coronaviruses and clinical outcomes. The aim of the present retrospective study was to investigate the association between the OAS1 gene polymorphism and the severity of COVID-19. A total of 200 subjects were enrolled, including 75 healthy controls and 125 patients with COVID-19. The OAS1 SNP rs10774671 was assessed using PCR-RFLP analysis. The findings revealed an upward trend in the prevalence of the A allele among individuals, who developed a severe course of COVID-19. Specifically, 17.8% of the patients with severe infection carried the GG genotype, 52.8% had the GA genotype and 30.4% carried the AA genotype (P=0.0001). Notably, the AA genotype was exclusively detected in patients with severe COVID-19 infection (P<0.0001). Moreover, the frequency of the A allele was markedly higher than that of the G allele in patients with severe COVID-19 infection (P=0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that individuals with the rs10774671 AA genotype had a 6.8-fold greater likelihood of progressing to a more severe course of COVID-19 (odds ratio, 6.86; 95% CI, 2.83-16.63; P<0.0001). Thus, the OAS1 SNP rs10774671 holds promise as a potential genetic marker that could be valuable in predicting the progression and outcome of COVID-19 infection. Key words: COVID-19 pandemic, host genetic factors, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 gene polymorphism, rs10774671 single nucleotide polymorphism, genetic variants
ISSN:2632-2900
2632-2919
DOI:10.3892/wasj.2024.287