5.10 SLEEP DISTURBANCE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AT RISK OF BIPOLAR DISORDER

• Published in: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Vol. 55; no. 10; pp. S186 - S187
• Main Authors: Sebela, Anton, MD, Novak, Tomas, MD, PhD, Kemlink, David, MD, PhD, Prokesova, Alena, Goetz, Michal, MD, PhD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Baltimore Elsevier Inc 01.10.2016; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Actigraphy; Adolescents; Affective disorders; At risk; At risk youth; Bipolar disorder; Child & adolescent psychiatry; Children; Circadian rhythm; Circadian rhythms; Day time; Emotional disorders; Familial factors; Genetic crosses; Headache; Latency; Mental disorders; Morningness; Nightmares; Offspring; Pediatrics; Psychiatry; Psychopathology; Quantitative psychology; Questionnaires; Risk assessment; Schizophrenia; Self evaluation; Self-assessment; Sleep; Sleep and wakefulness; Sleep disorders; Sleepiness
• ISSN: 0890-8567; 1527-5418
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.09.269

Objectives: We carried out an exploratory cross-sectional case-control study to extend the knowledge of sleep characteristics in offspring at risk for BD. Methods: We investigated 42 offspring of bipolar parents (HRO) (mean age 12.5± 3.2; range 6.7 - 17.9) and 42 comparison offspring (controls) matched for sex and age of healthy parents. We administered the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire to assess prevalence of sleep disturbances, the Morningness/ Eveningness Questionnaire (M/E) to determine circadian preference and The General Behavior Inventory Sleep Subscale (GBISS) to identify symptoms of sleep impairment typical for BD. We conducted 14 days of actigraphy to define sleep and wake patterns. The current psychopathology profile was assessed using Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS). Results: Prevalence of symptoms of sleep disturbances was higher in the HRO than in the controls (headache after waking up, 17.9% vs. 2.4%, p=0.03; excessive daytime sleepiness, 38.5% vs. 10.0%, p=0.004; apparent tiredness at wake-up times, 43.6% vs. 15.0%, p=0.007 and nightmares, 21.6% vs. 2.4%, p=0.01) but between-group differences were lost after adjustment for current psychopathology. The HRO had higher GBISS total score (parental version, p<0.001; self-assessment, p=0.06) and longer sleep onset latency (p=0.049) than the controls. We found no difference between the HRO and the controls in circadian preference. Conclusions: Children and adolescents at the risk of development of BD appear to manifest symptoms of sleep disturbance, which in this study are strongly associated with current psychopathology. We did not find evidence that familial risk of BD had a significant effect on the prevalence of various sleep disturbances. Further longitudinal assessment of sleep characteristics are needed to more precisely define the relationship between sleep disturbance and the development of bipolar disorder.