Neurosarcoidosis: A Unique Presentation of a Rare Disease

Sarcoidosis is defined as an immune-mediated multi-organ granulomatous disease with unknown etiology, which is characterized by the presence of multiple non-caseating granulomas in the absence of a definite infective or toxic cause. Neurosarcoidosis (NS) occurs when sarcoid granulomas invade the cen...

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Published inCurēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 15; no. 11; p. e48499
Main Authors Girgis, Kyrillos, Retcho, Danielle, Pesenti, Raymond, Aroke, Desmond, Beshai, Rafail
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cureus Inc 08.11.2023
Subjects
Abdomen
Back pain
Biopsy
Blood tests
Cardiovascular disease
Case reports
Electromyography
Granulomas
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Lymphatic system
Lymphoma
Magnetic resonance imaging
Metabolism
Nervous system
Pathology
Patients
Proteins
Sarcoidosis
Thyroid gland
TNF inhibitors
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
neurosarcoidosis
neurological deficits
sarcoidosis
rare disease
rare presentation
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Summary:Sarcoidosis is defined as an immune-mediated multi-organ granulomatous disease with unknown etiology, which is characterized by the presence of multiple non-caseating granulomas in the absence of a definite infective or toxic cause. Neurosarcoidosis (NS) occurs when sarcoid granulomas invade the central or peripheral nervous systems. Sarcoidosis usually presents with non-specific manifestations, including dry cough, fatigue, night sweats, weight loss, skin changes, and eye manifestations. Many patients who develop NS present with neurological manifestations within two years of being diagnosed with sarcoidosis. Herein, we present a case of newly diagnosed sarcoidosis in a 49-year-old male patient initially presenting with neurological manifestations of unknown origin, later identified as NS on peripheral lymph node biopsy with non-caseating granuloma.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.48499