Therapeutic Strategies for SLE Involving Cytokines: Mechanism-Oriented Therapies Especially IFN- Targeting Gene Therapy

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE: lupus) is a chronic complicated autoimmune disease and pathogenesis is still unclear. However, key cytokines have been recognized. Interferon (IFN)- and also IFN are of particular importance. Depending on the concept that lupus is a helper T(Th)1 disease and that d...

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Published inBioMed research international Vol. 2010; pp. 1 - 19
Main Author Hayashi, Toshiharu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York John Wiley & Sons, Inc 2010
Subjects
Autoimmune diseases
Immune system
Lupus
Mutation
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Summary:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE: lupus) is a chronic complicated autoimmune disease and pathogenesis is still unclear. However, key cytokines have been recognized. Interferon (IFN)- and also IFN are of particular importance. Depending on the concept that lupus is a helper T(Th)1 disease and that dendritic cells (DCs) determine the direction of lupus, balance shift of Th1/Th2 and immunogenic/tolerogenic DCs is reviewed for therapy. (IFN)-- and IFN--targeted (gene) therapies are introduced. These consist of Th1/Th2 balance shift and elimination of IFN- and IFN--related cytokines such as (interleukin)IL-12 and IL-18. Other approaches include suppression of immunocompetent cells, normalization of abnormal T-cell function, costimulation blockade, B lymphocyte stimulator (Blys) blockade, and suppression of nephritic kidney inflammation. Moreover, balance shift of IFN- and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- together with regulatory T(Treg) cells are briefely introduced. Clinical application will be discussed.
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ISSN:1110-7243
2314-6133
1110-7251
2314-6141
DOI:10.1155/2010/461641