Sedentarism and overweight as risk factors for the detection of prostate cancer and its aggressiveness

• Published in: Actas urológicas españolas (English ed.) Vol. 38; no. 4; pp. 232 - 237
• Main Authors: Morote, J, Celma, A, Planas, J, Placer, J, Konstantinidis, C, Iztueta, I, de Torres, I.M, Oliván, M, Reventós, J, Doll, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier España 01.05.2014
• Subjects: Actividad física; Cáncer de próstata; Obesidad; Obesity; Physical activity; Prostate cancer; Urology; Cáncer de próstata; Obesity; Obesidad; Physical activity; Actividad física; Prostate cancer
• ISSN: 2173-5786; 2173-5786
• DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2013.12.003

Abstract Objective To analyze the influence of sedentary (SE) and overweight (OW) in the risk of prostate cancer detection (CP) and aggressiveness. Materials and methods We performed prostate biopsy (PB) to 2408 consecutive male, 5 ARIs untreated, because of elevated serum PSA above 4.0 ng/mL (91%) or suspicious digital rectal examination (9%). In all ultrasound guided PB, 10 cores were obtained plus 2–8 additionals, according to age and prostate volume. Physical activity was assessed using a survey (SE vs. non-SE) and calculated body mass index (normal vs. OW > 25 kg/cm2 ). The tumor aggressiveness was evaluated according to the Gleason score (high grade «HG»: Gleason > 7) and D’Amico risk (high risk «HR»: T > 3a or PSA > 20 or Gleason score > 7). Results We found a significant association between SE (52.5%) and OW (72.9%); p < 0.001. The overall PC detection rate was 35.2%. In men with SE it was 36.7% and non-SE 33.6%, p = 0.048. The overall rate of AG tumors was 28.3%, 29.2% in men with SE and 27.1 in non-SE, p = 0.261. The overall rate of AR tumors was 35%, 39.7% in men with SE and 29.4% non-SE, p < 0.001. CP was detected in 38.1% of men with normal BMI and 34.3% in men with OW, p = 0.065. HG tumor rates were 18.1% and 31.4%, respectively, p < 0.001 and AR tumor rates were 22.6% and 39.2%, respectively, p < 0.001. Binary logistic regression showed that SE was an independent predictor of CP, OR 0.791 (95% CI: 0.625–0.989); p = 0.030. SE and OW were independent predictors of HG: OR 0.517 (95% CI: 0.356–0.752); p = 0.001, and OR 1.635 (95% CI: 1070–2497); p = 0.023. SE and OW were also independent predictors of HR: OR 0.519 (95% CI: 0.349–0.771); p = 0.001, and OR 1.998 (95% CI: 1.281–3.115); p = 0.002. Conclusions In men who met criteria for prostate biopsy an association between sedentary and overweight exist. A sedentary lifestyle is associated with increased risk of PC detection while sedentary and overweight were associated with more aggressive tumors.