Controlling Metal Fires through Cellulose Flake Blanketing Followed by Water Spray Cooling

• Published in: Fire (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 5; no. 3; p. 83
• Main Authors: Hagauer, Josef, Matlschweiger, Ulrich, Tippelreither, Christian, Lutz, Markus, Hribernig, Thomas, Lackner, Maximilian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.06.2022
• Subjects: Aviation; Blanketing; Bulk density; Burning; Cellulose; cellulose flakes; Degassing of metals; dilute phase pneumatic conveying; Dust; extinguishing; Fire extinction; Firefighters; Fires; Flakes; Inorganic salts; Liquid metals; Magnesium; magnesium fire; metal fire; Metals; Methods; Pneumatic conveyors; Salts; Spray cooling; suffocation; Thermal properties; Water sprays; Austria
• ISSN: 2571-6255; 2571-6255
• DOI: 10.3390/fire5030083

The traditional methods of fighting metal fires are not always safe for firefighters. The sand and salts that are thrown onto the fire to suffocate the flames can lead to splashes of molten metal, putting the firefighters and the surroundings at risk. A novel process is described where magnesium fires are brought under control using a simple two-step process. First, coated cellulose flakes, which contain approx. 30% inorganic salts, are blown onto the fire from a distance of several meters. Due to its low bulk density, the material settles smoothly on the fire and immediately covers the flames for several seconds. Before the hot metal can break through this cover, a fine water spray is applied to the fire. The water spray wets the top layer of the cellulose flakes, which will begin to char from the bottom. The water evaporates from within the cellulose flake layer and withdraws heat. It was observed that no hydrogen is formed and that this technique can safely control fires. It is judged that 90 kg of flakes could safely bring a pile of 75 kg of burning Mg flakes under control. By using a pneumatic conveying unit for the flakes, firefighters can effectively and efficiently cover the flames from a safe distance. This novel method could be recommended to firefighters in industrial magnesium processing plants, as well as local firefighters in the vicinity of such plants.