Trends in child and adolescent mental health in Catalonia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic during the 2020–2021 school year

[Display omitted] The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a great impact on the physical and psychological health of the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate child and adolescent mental health in a population cohort along the 2020–2021 school year. This was a prospective longitudinal study of a...

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Published inAnales de Pediatría Vol. 99; no. 1; pp. 3 - 13
Main Authors Alcover Bloch, Elena, Gatell Carbó, Anna, Balaguer Martínez, Josep Vicent, Pérez Porcuna, Tomás, Salvadó Juncosa, Olga, Fortea Gimeno, Emilio, Álvarez Garcia, Patricia
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Spain Elsevier España, S.L.U 01.07.2023
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Summary:[Display omitted] The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a great impact on the physical and psychological health of the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate child and adolescent mental health in a population cohort along the 2020–2021 school year. This was a prospective longitudinal study of a cohort of children from 5–14 years of age in Catalonia, Spain, performed from September 2020 to July 2021. The participants were randomly selected and accompanied by their primary care paediatrician. Evaluation of risk of psychopathology was performed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) carried out by one of the legal guardians of the child. We also collected sociodemographic and health variables of the participants and their nuclear family. Data were collected by an online survey through the RedCap platform at the beginning of the academic year and at the end of each trimester (4 cuts). At the beginning of the school year, 9.8% of the patients were probable cases of psychopathology compared to 6.2% at the end of the year. The perception of the level of preoccupation of the children for their health and that of their family was related to presenting psychopathology, especially at the beginning of the year, with the perception of a good family atmosphere being always related to lower risk. No variable related to COVID-19 was associated with an altered SDQ result. Along the 2020–2021 school year, the percentage of children with a probability of presenting psychopathology decreased from 9.8% to 6.2%. La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 ha tenido un alto impacto en la salud física y psicológica de la población. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la salud mental infanto-juvenil de una cohorte poblacional a lo largo del curso 2020-21. estudio longitudinal y prospectivo de una cohorte de niños escolarizados entre 5 y 14 años en Cataluña entre septiembre 2020 y julio 2021. Los participantes fueron seleccionados de forma aleatoria y seguidos por el pediatra de referencia en la atención primaria. La evaluación del riesgo de psicopatología fue realizada a través del cuestionario Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) contestada por un tutor legal del niño. Fueron recogidas también variables sociodemográficas y de salud del individuo y su núcleo de convivencia. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante una encuesta on line a través de la plataforma RedCap al inicio del curso y al final de cada trimestre (4 cortes). Al inicio del curso escolar el 9,8% de los pacientes fueron casos probables de psicopatología, frente al 6,2% de final de curso. La percepción del nivel de preocupación de los niños por su salud y la de su familia se relacionó con presentar psicopatología, especialmente al inicio del curso, mientras que la percepción de un buen ambiente familiar se relacionó en todo momento con menor riesgo. Ninguna variable relacionada con el COVID-19 se asoció con resultado alterado del SDQ. A lo largo del curso escolar 2020-2021 el porcentaje de niños con probabilidad de presentar psicopatología mejoró y pasó del 9,8% al 6,2%.
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ISSN:2341-2879
2341-2879
DOI:10.1016/j.anpede.2023.06.001