Taping into the super power and magic appeal of ultrasound coupled with EDTA on degradation of 2,4,6-TCP by Fe0 based advanced oxidation processes

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) Vol. 288; p. 132650
• Main Authors: Liu, Bingzhi, Pan, Tingyu, Liu, Jiajun, Feng, Li, Chen, Yuning, Zheng, Huaili
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2022
• Subjects: 2,4,6-TCP; Advanced oxidation process; Coordination and coupling; EDTA; Fe0; Ultrasonic; Fe0; 2,4,6-TCP; Coordination and coupling; EDTA; Ultrasonic; Advanced oxidation process
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132650

Chlorophenol is a widely used organic compound, and the environmental and health problems caused by it have being worsened in recent years. This study used 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) as the target pollutant, and employed ultrasound (US) enhanced zero-valent iron (Fe0)/EDTA/air system (FEA), namely US/FEA, to remove 2,4,6-TCP. The influence of single factor experimental conditions such as EDTA concentration, Fe0 dosage, US power, pH and pollutant concentration on the removal efficiency of 2,4,6-TCP was investigated, and the optimal reaction conditions were determined. The mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by US/FEA was explored. The degradation process and removal mechanism of 2,4,6-TCP in the US/FEA were discussed through the determination and analysis of intermediate products. The results showed that US could continuously activate and renew the Fe0 surface, accelerate its oxidation and corrosion process, and then continuously and stably produce sufficient amounts of Fe2+ and Fe3+. Ultrasonic cavitation effect could reduce the difficulty of O2 activation reaction, and promote the production of sufficient H2O2. The addition of EDTA made the system have a wide range of pH applications, and its performance under neutral and alkaline conditions was also superior. The ROS of US/FEA included ·OH, O2·- and Fe(IV), where Fe(IV) was the main contributor to the removal of 2,4,6-TCP. In addition, the degradation of 2,4,6-TCP had two processes including dechlorination and benzene ring opening. First, 2,4,6-TCP was dechlorinated and degraded into phenol. And then, phenol was degraded into small molecular acids by ring-opening, and finally it was mineralized into CO2 and H2O completely. US/FEA is a promising technology for high-efficiency degradation of organic matter and deep environmental purification. [Display omitted] •US significantly enhances 2,4,6-TCP removal in US/FEA, and expands the pH adaptive range.•US reduces the difficulty of Fe0 dissolved oxygen reaction, promoting the transformation of Fe0 oxidation corrosion into Fe2+ and Fe3+.•EDTA complexed with Fe2+ and Fe3+ to produce FeIIEDTA and FeIIIEDTA to generate multiple ROS for 2,4,6-TCP efficient degradation.•In US/FEA, The ·OH (15.6%)、O2·- (17.8%)、Fe(IV) (21.2%) make contribution to 2,4,6-TCP removal.