Longitudinal associations of social jetlag with obesity indicators among adolescents - Shanghai adolescent cohort

• Published in: Sleep medicine Vol. 121; pp. 171 - 178
• Main Authors: Jiang, Yining, Yu, Ting, Fan, Jue, Guo, Xiangrong, Hua, Hui, Xu, Dongqing, Wang, Yuefen, Yan, Chong-huai, Xu, Jian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.09.2024
• Subjects: Adolescent; BMI; Cortisol; Sex difference; Social jetlag; Social jetlag; Cortisol; Sex difference; Adolescent; BMI
• ISSN: 1389-9457; 1878-5506; 1878-5506
• DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.001

To explore the longitudinal association between social-jetlag (SJL) and obesity development among adolescents, sex-difference and related modifying factors in the association. Based on Shanghai-Adolescent-Cohort during 2017–2021, a total of 609 students were investigated. In grade 6, 7 and 9, the information on SJL was collected using questionnaires, and anthropometric measures were conducted. The fingernail cortisol and progesterone levels in grade 6 (using LC-MS/MS) and body composition in grade 9 (using Inbody-S10) were measured. By the latent-class-mixture-modeling, two trajectories for SJL (high-level vs. low-level) throughout 4 years were developed. The prospective associations of SJL trajectories and weight/fat gains were analyzed by sex and under different (high/moderate/low) cortisol/progesterone stratifications. In grades 6–9, 39.00%–44.50 % of adolescents experienced at least 1 h of SJL. Compared with the low-level SJL trajectory, the high-level SJL trajectory was associated with greater differences in body-mass-index Z-scores and waist-to-height ratios across 4 years, higher levels of body-fat-percentage and fat-mass-index in grade 9 (P-values<0.05), and such associations were stronger among girls and under moderate-to-high (vs. low) baseline cortisol and progesterone levels. However, no significant associations among boys were observed. High-level SJL in adolescents may be associated with the development of obesity, especially among adolescent girls and under relatively high baseline cortisol and progesterone levels. •We found that about 40 % of adolescents experienced ≥1 h of social jetlag (SJL).•High (vs. low)-level SJL trajectory was associated with more weight gains in teens.•Such association had sex-difference and was stronger among adolescent girls.•Such association was stronger under high (vs. low) cortisol/progesterone levels.•Multiple obesity indicators and a wide range of confounders were used in the study.