Superoxide dismutase promotes early flowering in Triticum aestivum L

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a first-line-defense antioxidant enzyme that plays a crucial role in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) to maintain homeostasis in plants. SOD catalyzes the conversion of superoxide (O2-) into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and besides its role in stres...

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Published inAgriculture Communications Vol. 1; no. 1; p. 100007
Main Authors Guo, Hao-yu, Liu, Yong-jie, Yuan, Shao-hua, Yue, Jie-ru, Li, Yan-mei, Liao, Xiang-zheng, Ying, Sheng-kai, Liu, Zi-han, Bai, Jian-fang, Zhang, Li-ping
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 01.09.2023
Subjects
Cu/Zn SOD
Flowering time
ROS
Stress resistance
Transcriptome analysis
Cu/Zn SOD
Transcriptome analysis
Flowering time
Stress resistance
ROS
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Summary:Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a first-line-defense antioxidant enzyme that plays a crucial role in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) to maintain homeostasis in plants. SOD catalyzes the conversion of superoxide (O2-) into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and besides its role in stress resistance, SOD also impacts plant growth and development. Here, we cloned and characterized a TaCSOD gene from the wheat photo-thermosensitive genic male sterile line BS366. Phylogenetic and motif analyses identified TaCSOD as a Cu/Zn-dependent SOD due to the presence of conserved Cu2+ and Zn2+ binding sites. Overexpression of TaCSOD enhanced drought and salt tolerance in both Arabidopsis thaliana and yeast. In addition, seed germination rate, primary root length, and fresh weight of the transgenic plants were higher than those of the wild-type under drought- and salt-stressed conditions. The Arabidopsis TaCSOD overexpression lines also exhibited an early flowering phenotype, with fewer leaves and shorter flowering period. Nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and 3, 3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining, along with transcriptome analysis, demonstrated that TaCSOD regulates ROS homeostasis and flowering time through carbohydrate signaling, aging, vernalization, and gibberellic acid pathways. Our study provides valuable insights into the functions of SOD genes in regulating flowering through the regulation of ROS homeostasis in plants. •Overexpression of TaCSOD in Arabidopsis promotes early flowering phenotype and enhances drought and salt tolerance.•TaCSOD disturbs the balance of reactive oxygen species to control flowering time through carbohydrate signaling, aging, vernalization, and gibberellic acid pathways.
ISSN:2949-7981
DOI:10.1016/j.agrcom.2023.100007