Recognizing Rare Sequelae of Epstein-Barr Virus Myocarditis Leading to Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Acute Congestive Heart Failure With Multivalvular Regurgitation

Myocarditis is associated with a wide range of infections, most commonly viral (cytomegalovirus), bacterial, and parasitic ( ). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) rarely causes myocarditis, which is a life-threatening complication. Autoantibodies against cardiac myocytes activate the complement system and cau...

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Published inCurēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 14; no. 1; p. e21504
Main Authors Aknouk, Mina, Choe, Suhrim, Osborn, Harmony, Kanukuntla, Anish, Kata, Priyaranjan, Okere, Arthur, Cheriyath, Pramil
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cureus 22.01.2022
Subjects
Cardiology
Infectious Disease
Internal Medicine
epstein-barr virus
myocarditis
lv systolic dysfunction
valvular regurgitation
dilated cardiomyopathy
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Summary:Myocarditis is associated with a wide range of infections, most commonly viral (cytomegalovirus), bacterial, and parasitic ( ). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) rarely causes myocarditis, which is a life-threatening complication. Autoantibodies against cardiac myocytes activate the complement system and cause diffuse myocyte necrosis. Myocarditis has a variable presentation from asymptomatic to cardiogenic shock. Over time, untreated myocarditis can progress and result in dilated ventricles. Continued dilation of ventricles leads to systolic dysfunction, conduction abnormalities, ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure, valvular abnormalities, and thromboembolism. So, we are emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of EBV to prevent mortality. This case study represents a rare case of mortality secondary to EBV infection with resultant DCM and congestive heart failure (CHF).
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.21504