Fulminant hepatitis B

• Published in: Vojnosanitetski pregled Vol. 60; no. 3; pp. 353 - 360
• Main Authors: Djokic, Milomir, Begovic, Vesna, Rajic-Dimitrijevic, Radmila, Aleksic, Rada, Popovic, Svetlana, Hristovic, Dejan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Serbian
• Published: Serbia Military Health Department, Ministry of Defance, Serbia 01.05.2003
• Subjects: acute; Acute Disease; adrenal cortex hormones; Adult; clinical chemistry test; Female; glucocorticosteroids; hepatic encephalopathy; hepatitis B; Hepatitis B - complications; Hepatitis B - diagnosis; Hepatitis B - therapy; Humans; liver failure; Liver Failure - diagnosis; Liver Failure - etiology; Liver Failure - therapy; Male; Middle Aged; prognosis
• ISSN: 0042-8450; 2406-0720
• DOI: 10.2298/VSP0303353D

Fulminant hepatitis, or fulminant hepatic failure, is defined as a clinical syndrome of severe liver function impairment, which causes hepatic coma and the decrease in synthesizing capacity of liver, and develops within eight weeks of the onset of hepatitis. Several independent factors influence the survival of patients: age, the cause of liver disease, the degree and the duration of encephalopathy in relation to the onset of the disease, and the prevention of complications. Over the years many intensive treatments have been practiced. Liver transplantation is expensive, and patients who survive transplantation require life-long immunosuppression, clinical care and complications management. Without transplantation fulminant hepatitis and hepatic failure might be completely recovered spontaneously, and the patient could expect a normal life. Two cases of fulminant B hepatitis with intensive care treatment, and their survival despite unfavorable prognosis are presented in this paper. The management of patients with fulminant hepatitis required intensive monitoring and therapeutic measures, including corticosteroids. The prognosis for survival without transplantation in fulminant hepatitis is limited by the measures of medical treatment and new specific therapeutic modalities which must be developed through basic research.