An improved histogram algorithm for DOA estimation based on single vector acoustic system

• Published in: Applied acoustics Vol. 227; p. 110241
• Main Authors: Wang, Chao, Lv, Yong, Zhang, Yanhou, Wang, Wenlong, Ma, Shiquan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 05.01.2025
• Subjects: Azimuth estimation; Coherent spectrum weighting; Histogram algorithm; Single vector acoustic system; Underwater unmanned platform; Coherent spectrum weighting; Azimuth estimation; Underwater unmanned platform; Histogram algorithm; Single vector acoustic system
• ISSN: 0003-682X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110241

•A novel single vector acoustic system designed for underwater unmanned platforms, along with an enhanced histogram algorithm. The integration of a singular vector acoustic system onto an unmanned underwater platform can lead to achieving unambiguous direction finding across the entire space. To enhance the direction-finding capabilities of the single vector acoustic system for low noise target, a refined histogram algorithm utilizing coherent spectrum weighting is suggested. A comparative evaluation and analysis of the target azimuth estimation performance of the enhanced histogram algorithm, traditional frequency-weighted histogram algorithm, and energy-weighted histogram algorithm are carried out. Through computer simulations, it is observed that the three Direction of Arrival (DOA) algorithms exhibit comparable direction-finding capabilities for wideband signals, whereas for single-frequency signals, the improved histogram algorithm surpasses the two conventional algorithms in direction-finding accuracy. Specifically, at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of −40 dB, the azimuth estimation root mean square error (RMSE) is approximately 2°. Findings from sea trials indicate that the improved histogram algorithm displays a narrower spectral peak width and robust resistance to noise interference, thereby substantiating the effectiveness of the enhanced histogram algorithm.