Experimental Investigation and Weibull Statistical Analysis on Tensile Behaviour of Carbon/Epoxy Composites

• Published in: Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Series D Vol. 105; no. 3; pp. 1373 - 1383
• Main Authors: Amar, Thakur Abhinav, Kumar, Amit, Yadav, D. K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Delhi Springer India 2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adhesive strength; Bagging; Carbon-epoxy composites; Distribution functions; Elongation; Engineering; Failure mechanisms; Failure modes; Fracture mechanics; Hand lay-up; Laminates; Modulus of elasticity; Original Contribution; Parameter identification; Statistical analysis; Strain analysis; Strain rate; Tensile strength; Tensile tests; Vacuum bags; Weibull distribution; Carbon fabrics; Scanning electron microscopy; Composites; Mechanical testing; Weibull probability; Tensile strength
• ISSN: 2250-2122; 2250-2130
• DOI: 10.1007/s40033-023-00555-x

This paper is concerned with the experimental and theoretical evaluation of the tensile strength of carbon fabric-reinforced epoxy composites developed using hand lay-up and vacuum bagging techniques. The developed CFRP composite laminates were subjected to tensile tests as per ASTM D3039 at different strain rates of 1 s −1 , 10 s −1 , and 100 s −1 . The statistical analysis of the experimental results was conducted using a two-parameter Weibull distribution function. The results showed an increase in tensile strength with an increase in strain rate for composite laminates produced using both fabrication techniques. The tensile modulus also showed an increasing trend with respect to strain rate, but the increase was marginal, while elongation at break showed a decreasing trend. For all cases of strain rate, the vacuum bag-fabricated composite laminates showed higher tensile strength and modulus values except for elongation at break when compared with the laminates fabricated with hand lay-up. Cumulative probability density data, along with Weibull parameters, were utilised to determine theoretical tensile strength. The projected tensile strength values closely matched the experimental results, with a minimal difference of approximately 6.2% observed in the context of composite laminates fabricated under vacuum bag conditions. Fracture analysis identified distinct failure mechanisms: adhesive failure at the fabric/matrix interface for the hand lay-up method and brittle fracture as the predominant failure mode for laminates produced using vacuum bagging techniques.