Simultaneous update of sensing and control data using free-ride codes in vehicular networks: An age and energy perspective

• Published in: Computer networks (Amsterdam, Netherlands : 1999) Vol. 252; p. 110667
• Main Authors: Xie, Mangang, An, Baozhen, Jia, Xiangdong, Zhou, Meng, Lu, Jintian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.10.2024
• Subjects: Age of information; Control data; Energy cost; Free-ride code; Sensing data; Age of information; Control data; Free-ride code; Sensing data; Energy cost
• ISSN: 1389-1286
• DOI: 10.1016/j.comnet.2024.110667

In real-time Internet of Things networks, age of information (AoI) and energy cost (EC) are generally deemed as two significant performance metrics to characterize the information freshness and energy efficiency. This paper aims at updating not just sensing data but sensing data and control data simultaneously in vehicular networks. By employing the promising free-ride coding mechanism, the randomly encoded control data is superposed on the low-density parity-check coded sensing data and then is sent to the receiver, consuming neither additional bandwidth nor transmission power. Considering the time and energy of both status update generation and transmission, the average AoI (AAoI) and average EC (AEC) expressions are derived for preemptive and blocking updating schemes with truncated automatic repeat request protocol. Numerical simulations present the AAoI of both sensing data and control data, as well as the AEC of the transmitter, which demonstrate that free-ride coding mechanism not only can improve the freshness of control data but impose an insignificant influence on the performance of sensing data. Moreover, comparison with the blocking scheme suggests that the preemptive one obtains the smaller AAoI but the larger AEC.