The Role of Thrombo-inflammation in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on the Manipulation and Clinical Application

• Published in: Molecular neurobiology
• Main Authors: Luo, Yuanfei, Dong, Weichen, Yuan, Linying, Zhu, Yunqing Amelia, Zhang, Dachuan Dustin, Ni, Heyu, Zhu, Wusheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 06.08.2024
• Subjects: Inflammation; Platelets; Thrombosis; Coagulation; Ischemic Stroke
• ISSN: 0893-7648; 1559-1182; 1559-1182
• DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04397-w

Stroke leaves a great economic burden due to its high morbidity and mortality. Rapid revascularization of targeted vessel(s) is the effective treatment for ischemic stroke, but subsequent ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common complication following revascularization, leading to microcirculation dysfunction and infarct volume increase. Thrombo-inflammation, the interaction between thrombosis and inflammation, plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. In the context of I/R injury, thrombo-inflammation consists of platelet activation, endothelial injury, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Numerous studies are devoted to exploring methods of regulating thrombo-inflammation to mitigate I/R injury post-stroke, including blocking activations of platelets and neutrophils. Drugs such as antiplatelet medications, anticoagulants, and glucocorticoids have been confirmed to have the potential to regulate thrombo-inflammation. Furthermore, several recently developed drugs have also shown promises in relieving I/R injury by manipulating thrombo-inflammation. However, the majority of these studies are still in the preclinical stage. Herein, in this review, we will address the mechanisms of thrombo-inflammation in ischemic stroke, related research advances, and particularly the clinical feasibility of thrombo-inflammation as a therapeutic strategy against I/R injury.