586. Multidrug-Resistant Organisms from Three Pedaitric Inpatient Units in the Domincan Republic

• Published in: Open forum infectious diseases Vol. 6; no. Supplement_2; p. S277
• Main Authors: De Luna, David, Mena Lora, Alfredo J, Roque, Yori, López Franceschini, Micheilisse, del Carmen Perez, Maria, Cabán, Lizamarie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 23.10.2019
• Subjects: Abstracts
• ISSN: 2328-8957; 2328-8957
• DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz360.655

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are a major global public health threat. Antimicorbial consumption and resistance in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are rising. This trend can be consequential for vulnerable populations such as children who have high rates of febrile illnesses. The aim of our study is to asses the burden of MDRO in hospitalized pediatric patients in the Dominican Republic (DR). Methods Retrospective review of all positive cultures in patients ages 0–17 at three tertiary referral centers in Santiago, DR. Culture-positive cases from January 2016 to December 2017 were reviewed. Repeat cultures from the same patient were excluded. Phenotypic susceptibility data were collected from automated susceptibility testing systems using WHOnet interface. Results A total of 1,584 cultures were reviewed, of which 1,041 (65%) were Gram-negative and 514 (32%) Gram-positive. The most common microorganisms were E. coli (23%)and S. aureus (11%). Sample were obtained from stool (26.9%), blood (23.5%), urine (16.2%), secretions (5.4%), and central line catheters (7.2%). Phenotypic resistance consistent with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) was found in 524 (50.3%) and 179 (17.2%) of Gram-negatives, respectively. MDRO rates by organism are in Figure 2. A total of 72 (21.0%) S aureusisolates were methicillin resistant (MRSA) and 62 (18%) showed suspected inducible resistance to clindamycin (Figure 3). Conclusion Data from automated culture systems suggests a high prevalence of ESBL and CRE in this city-wide cohort from three pediatric facilities. Prospective confirmatory studies with manual susceptibility testing may help clarify the true prevalence of MDRO. Further studies are needed to understand the epidemiology and risk factors pediatric patients colonized or infected with MDROs in LMICs and in the DR. Exposure to antimicrobials may be an important risk factor. Understanding antimicrobial use in children and possible exposure to antimicrobials in the environment may help identify antimicrobial stewardship targets and help curb antimicrobial pressure and resistance. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.