Dental status of institutionalized persons with special needs who live in Special institution “Srce u jabuci” in Pancevo

• Published in: Stomatološki glasnik Srbije Vol. 58; no. 1; pp. 16 - 22
• Main Authors: Savic-Stankovic, Tatjana, Jovanovic-Medojevic, Milica, Zivkovic, Slavoljub
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Serbian Medical Society - Dental Section, Belgrade 2011
• Subjects: caries; extraction; persons with special needs; restoration
• ISSN: 0039-1743; 1452-3701
• DOI: 10.2298/SGS1101016S

Introduction. Dental status of most people with special needs is not satisfactory. Many of them are edentulous or toothless, with acute extensive caries lesions present, high DMFT index and severe periodontal disease. The objective of this study was to examine the dental status of mentally impaired persons who live in the special institution ?Srce u jabuci? in Pancevo. Material and Methods. Clinical examination was performed on 114 institutionalized patients (68 male and 46 female), age 22 to 71 years. Patients were divided in two groups; the first group consisted of 71 persons who had a moderate mental disorder (F71), while the second group included 43 respondents with severe mental retardation (F72). Oral examination revealed: the number of present teeth, caries lesions, the presence of restorations, the number of extracted teeth, the presence of residual roots, fractures and the presence and number of fixed restorations. Results. The mean DMFT of total examined teeth was 20.33?7.63. The greatest percentage found for extracted teeth (63.76%): in the first group 63.23%, and in the second 64.06%. The percentage of teeth that had caries lesions of all examined teeth was 33.48%, while the lowest percentage was for restored teeth (2.76%). In majority of examined people, initial caries, deep caries, or tooth with the exposed pulp (K1 - 51.74% K2 - 40.35%, K3 - 51.75%) were not found. A high percentage of examined people had more than 10 extracted teeth (52.63%). Most of them did not have any restoration in the mouth (81%) and only three persons had fixed denture. Conclusion. Dental status of institutionalized mentally impaired persons showed high prevalence of extracted teeth, significant presence of carious lesions and small percentage of restored teeth with inadequate oral hygiene. Uvod. Stanje zuba osoba s posebnim potrebama uglavnom nije zadovoljavajuce. Vecina osoba je bez zuba ili s malim brojem zuba, ekstenzivnim akutnim karijesnim lezijama, visokim KEP indeksom i veoma izrazenim oboljenjima potpornog aparata zuba. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita stanje zuba osoba koje borave u domu za lica ometena u mentalnom razvoju ?Srce u jabuci? u Pancevu. Materijal i metode rada. Klinicka ispitivanja su obavljena na 114 ispitanika (68 muskaraca i 46 zena) starih od 22 do 71 godine. Ispitanici su svrstani u dve grupe, gde je prvu grupu cinila 71 osoba umerenog stepena mentalnog ostecenja (F71), dok su drugu grupu cinile 43 osobe s tezim stepenom retardacije (F72). Stomatoloskim pregledom su utvrdjeni: broj zuba, postojanje karijesa, postojanje ispuna, broj izvadjenih zuba, postojanje zaostalih korenova, fraktura, kao i postojanje i broj fiksnih nadoknada. Rezultati. Srednja vrednost KEP indeksa ukupno pregledanih zuba bila je 20,33?7,63. Najvise je bilo ekstrahovanih zuba (63,76%; u prvoj grupi 63,23%, u drugoj 64,06%). Karijes je ustanovljen na trecini zuba (33,48%), dok je plombiranih zuba bilo najmanje (2,76%). Kod vecine pregledanih osoba nisu uoceni ni inicijalni, ni duboki karijes, niti zubi s eksponiranom pulpom (K1 51,74%; K2 40,35%; K3 51,75%). Vise od deset izvadjenih zuba imalo je 52,63% ispitanika. Najveci broj ispitanika nije imao nijedan ispun u ustima (81%), a samo tri osobe su imale fiksne nadoknade. Zakljucak. Stanje zuba osoba smestenih u specijalizovanoj ustanovi za lica ometena u mentalnom razvoju ukazuje na visok procenat ekstrahovanih zuba, znacajne karijesne lezije i mali procenat plombiranih zuba, uz neodgovarajucu oralnu higijenu.