Solute transport and coalescence of a pair of bubbles subject to horizontal solidification

This study provides a pioneering investigation to numerically predict the development of pore shapes, velocity, and solute concentration fields for two bubbles trapped in a solid during the horizontal-advancing solidification of, for example, a water-carbon dioxide solution. Structural porous materi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of crystal growth Vol. 668; p. 128314
Main Authors Chiu, Che-Lun, Tseng, Pao-Te, Liu, Ming-Jie, Wei, Peng-Sheng
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 15.10.2025
Subjects
Bubble coalescence
Bubble merging
Horizontal solidification
Lotus-type pores
Pore shapes
Porous material
Solute segregation
Bubble coalescence
Horizontal solidification
Bubble merging
Solute segregation
Lotus-type pores
Pore shapes
Porous material
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Summary:This study provides a pioneering investigation to numerically predict the development of pore shapes, velocity, and solute concentration fields for two bubbles trapped in a solid during the horizontal-advancing solidification of, for example, a water-carbon dioxide solution. Structural porous materials can degrade microstructures, while functional porous materials improve efficiency in industries such as food, engineering, and biomedical sectors, as well as in atmospheric physics and global warming control. Using COMSOL software, the transport equations for thermal-fluid dynamics and concentration were solved to determine the pressure, velocity, temperature, and concentration fields during bubble development and coalescence. Bubbles tend to coalesce under high gravitational acceleration, low liquid thermal conductivity, and small inter-pore spacing. Concentration within and around the pores, as well as in solidified regions, increases with gravitational acceleration, ambient pressure, and surface tension. The predicted spatially dependent contact angle matches analytical results, which have been previously validated by experimental data. A systematic understanding of the mechanisms and the final shapes and concentration fields of two bubbles entrapped in the solidified region during horizontal solidification is provided
ISSN:0022-0248
DOI:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2025.128314