Insights on Lipid Biodegradation in Domestic Biodegradable Waste at a Full-scale Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) Bioconversion

• Published in: Waste and biomass valorization Vol. 15; no. 10; pp. 6021 - 6034
• Main Authors: Jiang, ShuoYun, Ma, JingJin, Fan, ShiLin, Khan, Fawad Zafar Ahmad, Xiang, FangMing, Zhang, ZhiJian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.10.2024
• Subjects: Engineering; Environment; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology; Industrial Pollution Prevention; Original Paper; Renewable and Green Energy; Waste Management/Waste Technology; Bioproducts; Bioconversion; Microbiota; Insect; Gut
• ISSN: 1877-2641; 1877-265X
• DOI: 10.1007/s12649-024-02581-6

The lipids in the domestic biodegradable waste (DBW) pose a challenge to resource regeneration, and few studies have examined the evolution of lipid profiles during the process of black soldier fly larvae ( Hermetia illucens L. , BSFL) bioconversion. This study aimed to explore the dynamic features of lipid fraction and their associated responses of microbial community succession in residue during a full-scale BSFL bioconversion. Data showed that the lipid content decreased by 95%, while the seed germination index increased by 20% through the synergistic effects of BSFL and microbiota. The results of spectral and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that free fatty acids and medium-chain fatty acids were given first priority in degrading in larval and microbial coexistence systems, resulting in the relative accumulation of sterols. The lipid content was the prime environmental factor (71.1%, P  = 0.002, Redundancy Analysis) that promoted the succession of the bacterial community. The diversity and structure of the bacterial community varied at different stages of the bioprocess, where BSFL induced Corynebacterium, Marinobacter, and Brevibacterium . EC: 4.2.1.17 (Enoyl-CoA hydratase) and EC: 1.1.1.35 (3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase) were the key lipid metabolic enzymes, promoting the degradation and transformation of materials and lipids. The synergistic effect of BSFL and microbiota promotes lipid metabolisms in DBW, which is conducive to the sustainable utilization of BSFL biotechnology to convert wastes into high-value resources. Graphical Abstract Highlights The lipid content was reduced by 95% by a combination of larvae and microbiota. MCFAs were more rapidly degraded than LCFAs and sterols during BSFL bioconversion. Lipid content is the key driver of microbial community during BSFL bioconversion. BSFL enhance fatty acid β oxidation and biosynthesis of microbiota in the DBW. Corynebacterium , Marinobacter, and Brevibacterium are key taxa in lipid degradation.