Cardiovascular issues associated with dengue fever: An observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital

• Published in: Multidisciplinary Science Journal Vol. 7; no. 12; p. 2025458
• Main Authors: Padwale, Vishal, Laddha, Udit, Patil, Harshal, Jadhav, Vasant, Chivate, Chidanand, Kirnake, Vijendra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.12.2025
• ISSN: 2675-1240; 2675-1240
• DOI: 10.31893/multiscience.2025458

Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, posing considerable public health issues, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. While commonly associated with fever and flu-like symptoms, dengue can also lead to severe cardiovascular complications, including arrhythmias and myocardial dysfunction, which are often underreported. This research seeks to examine the prevalence and severity of cardiovascular complications in individuals suffering from dengue fever, as well as to analyse the relationship between these complications and the severity of dengue infection.This observational study, characterised by its descriptive nature, was carried out at Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Medical College and Hospital in Sangli over a period of 18 months. The study included 100 patients who had been diagnosed with dengue fever, with confirmation through positive dengue serology (NS1/IgM/both). Data collection encompassed clinical assessments, electrocardiography (ECG), and echocardiography to detect any cardiovascular abnormalities. Statistical analyses were employed to assess the prevalence and correlation of these complications with dengue severity and patient demographics. Among the 100 patients, 42% exhibited ECG abnormalities, with sinus tachycardia being the most prevalent finding (21%). Echocardiographic evaluation revealed that 16% of patients had mild to moderate pericardial effusion, and a smaller subset demonstrated severe conditions such as ventricular dysfunction. Shock was observed in 20% of the cases, predominantly in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. A significant association was established between the severity of dengue infection and the incidence of cardiovascular complications. Additionally, the duration of illness was a critical factor, with prolonged illness beyond six days linked to a higher likelihood of ECG abnormalities. These findings underscore the need for vigilant cardiovascular monitoring in patients with severe dengue, as early identification and management of complications may significantly improve outcomes.The research emphasized the considerable risk of cardiovascular issues in patients suffering from dengue fever, especially in cases of severe illness or extended duration of the disease. Timely identification and treatment of these complications are essential for enhancing and improving patient outcomes. These results underscore the importance of vigilance and monitoring among dengue patients in areas with limited resources & high prevalence.