13th International Conference on Liquid and Amorphous Metals

• Published in: Journal of physics. Conference series Vol. 98; p. 001001
• Main Authors: Popel, Pjotr, Gelchinskii, Boris, Sidorov, Valeriy, Son, Leonid, Sabirzjanov, Alexandre
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bristol IOP Publishing 01.06.2007
• Subjects: Amorphous alloys; Amorphous materials; Atomic structure; Capillarity; Casting alloys; Cavitation; Compressibility; Condensed matter physics; Conductors; Crystallization; Electronic structure; Hardness tests; Liquid metals; Liquid phases; Magnetic properties; Materials science; Mechanical properties; Metallurgy; Metals; Morphology; Nuclear power plants; Nucleation; Pedagogy; Phase transitions; Physics; Qualitative analysis; Science; Simulation; Vitrification; Russia
• ISSN: 1742-6596; 1742-6588; 1742-6596
• DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/98/00/001001

The state of the art in the field of liquid and amorphous metals and alloys is regularly updated through two series of complementary international conferences, the LAM (Liquid and Amorphous Metals) and the RQ (Rapidly Quenched Materials). The first series of the conferences started as LM-1 in 1966 at Brookhaven for the basic understanding of liquid metals. The subsequent LM conferences were held in Tokyo (1972) and Bristol (1976). The conference was renewed in Grenoble (1980) as a LAM conference including amorphous metals and continued in Los Angeles (1983), Garmisch-Partenkirchen (1986), Kyoto (1989), Vienna (1992), Chicago (1995), Dortmund (1998), Yokohama (2001) and Metz (2004). The conferences are mainly devoted to liquid and amorphous metals and alloys. However, communications on some non-metallic systems such as semi conductors, quasicrystals etc, were accepted as well. The conference tradition strongly encourages the participation of junior researchers and graduate students. The 13th conference of the LAM series was organized in Ekaterinburg, Russia, by the Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMet UB RAS) and Ural State Pedagogical University (USPU) and held on 8–13 July 2007 under the chairmanship of Professors Pjotr Popel (USPU) and Boris Gelchinskii (IMet UB RAS). There were 242 active and about 60 guest participants from 20 countries who attended the conference. There were no parallel sessions and all oral reports were separated into three groups: invited talks (40 min), full-scale (25 min) and brief (15 min) oral reports. The program included 10 sessions, ranging from purely theoretical subjects to technological application of molten and amorphous alloys. The following sessions took place: A) Electronic structure and transport, magnetic properties; B) Phase transitions; C) Structure; D) Atomic dynamics and transport; E) Thermodynamics; F) Modelling, simulation; G) Surface and interface; H) Mechanical properties and new materials; I) Quasicrystals; J) Industrial applications. The most representative sessions were E (53 reports), C (47), D (43) and F (40). All posters were exhibited during the first (sections A–E) or the last (sections F–J) three days of the conference. All the sessions took place in the Government House of Sverdlovsk Region where, in addition, everyone was able to enjoy dishes of Russian cuisine during lunches and coffee breaks. As usual, each oral session started from an invited talk. Therefore, 10 invited lecturers presented their reports. In accordance with contemporary tendency the first invited talk of M Yao (Kyoto University) was devoted to interrelations between liquid metal studies and nano-science. He pointed out that physics of disordered matter, especially liquid metals, has provided nano-science with basic ideas and theoretical tools such as ab initio MD simulation. K Tamura (Kyoto University) reported results of experimental investigation of expanded liquid rubidium showing that observed structural features originate from the instability of the low-density electron gas. Modern theory has predicted that interacting electron gas suffers a negative compressibility and the static dielectric-function (DF) becomes negative when electron density is sufficiently reduced. The negative DF is of special interest in connection with the possibility of a new type of superconductor. In the invited lecture of M I Mendelev and J R Morris (USA) MD simulations were performed to study phase transformations in supercooled liquid Al. The authors found that widely used EAM potential for Al provides vitrification for the cooling rates achievable in classical MD simulation, while other Al potentials provide crystallization under the same conditions. The reason for this difference, as well as features of the vitrification in the EA Al, were discussed. P Häussler (Chemnitz University) spoke about fundamental structure-forming processes in liquid and amorphous materials. He had proposed the resonance model as an autonomous missing link between the microscopic description of atoms/molecules, described by Schrödinger's equation, and the crystals where global concepts as planar resonances exist and Bloch's theorem is applied. D Holland-Moritz (Institut für Materialphysik, Köln) presented results of the first quasielastic neutron scattering experiments on electromagnetically levitated metallic melts. The studies are indicative of Arrhenius behaviour of the diffusion constants in the whole investigated temperature regime ranging from temperatures above the melting temperature up to the metastable regime of an undercooled liquid. L Son (USPU) discussed the existing analytical theories of liquid–liquid phase transitions that have been supposed for a wide variety of liquids, but are rather poorly understood analytically. The application of these theories to liquid metal systems was also demonstrated. An approach to study dynamics and kinetics of cavitation in stretched liquid metals by the classical molecular dynamics (MD) method was presented in the talk of G E Norman (Institute for High Temperatures, Moscow). Both quantitative and qualitative disagreements with the classic theory of homogeneous nucleation were found. Analytic extentions of MD results beyond the space and temporal limits accessible for the MD method were discussed also. G Wilde (University of Münster) spoke about experimental investigation of the impact of interface properties and, more specifically, of the interface morphology in matrix-encased metallic nanoparticles on macroscopic properties, such as melting transition by a combination of microscopic, microanalytical and calorimetric measurements. These results are discussed with respect to the underlying mechanisms that leads to size dependent phase equilibria. In the invited talk of V Keryvin (University of Rennes) the indentation ability was proposed to be used as a probe for pressure-sensitivity in metallic glasses. The main conclusion was: the indentation test provides good means to study the elasto-plastic behaviour of these materials as well as a relevant tool to subject them to multiaxial loadings. The influence of changes in local ordering of precursor melt on the formation of amorphous state and subsequent crystallization was a subject of a report presented by P Švec (Institute of Physics, Bratislava). The effect was shown for rapidly quenched Fe–Mo–B system with addition of Cu and substitution of Fe by Co prepared under varying conditions of planar flow casting and using master alloys with specific melt treatment. About 320 abstracts were received and 180 manuscripts were finally submitted for publication. All the papers followed invited lectures and full-scale oral reports were sent to the Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter for publication in a special issue. These papers will be published according to the current standard practices, policies and procedures of the Journal. All the papers following brief oral reports and posters were collected for this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series. All of them were edited by editors from Ekaterinburg. The Journal will provide access to all of the accepted papers free of charge via its web server. Afterwards, to publish and ship hardcopies of both the journals (Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter and Journal of Physics: Conference Series) and CDs containing all Conference papers. It was decided during the joint meeting of both the International Advisory Board and International Program Committee that the next conference in the LAM series, LAM14, will be arranged by the groups of A Di Cicco, Camerino University, and T Scopigno, University Roma `La Sapienza', in Rome, Italy. It is not an easy task to comment on new scientific tendencies in the field of liquid and amorphous alloys just after the conference. It takes one or two years to estimate the significance of the event. Only one conclusion is obvious: the LAM13 Conference had opened a door between the world scientific community and Russian scientists who have high expertise in the field but could not actively participate in the conferences of the LAM series before because of the situation in Russian economics. We are thankful to the Advisory and Program Committees of previous LAM12 conference in Metz and especially to Dr Monique Calvo-Dahlborg for their trust and the opportunity to manage such an outstanding event in Russia. In addition we would like to give all our sincere thanks to: the authorities of the Russian Academy of Sciences, its Ural Branch and Ural State Pedagogical University who have done their best and who helped us with all problems, especially to Boris Igoshev and Nikolay Vatolin; all sponsors who supported the conference: Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company headed by Andrey Kozicyn, Open Joint Stock Company `Uralsvjazinform' (Alexey Ufimkin), A A Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS (July Kovneristii), Institute for Physics and Power Engineering (Alexandre Ephanov), Nuclear Power Plant `Beloyarskaya' (Nikolay Oshkanov), South Ural State University (German Vjatkin), Ural Technical Institute of Communications and Informatics (Evgeny Subbotin), Physical – Technical Institute UB RAS (Vladimir Lad'yanov), Metallurgical Department of the Ural State Technical University (Victor Shimov), Academy of Sciences of Chechen Republic (Raikom Dadashev) and NETZSCH-Gerätebau GmbH; the invited lecturers who have immediately answered positively to the invitation and contributed to the high level of LAM13; all the colleagues who have not hesitated to act as chairmen in the various sessions; Graham Douglas and Richard Palmer from IOP Publishing, who have kindly answered all our emails and found solutions to all our questions and demands; wise seniors of the LAM series who could not participate at the 13th conference but helped us to manage it in the best way, namely to