The role of microRNA in regulation of the body’s immune responses

A complete characterization of microRNA (miRNA) and a scheme of its biogenesis are given. Special attention is paid to the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of immune responses. It is implemented by their binding to specific sites of targeted messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell cytoplasm, which r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inBiology bulletin reviews Vol. 6; no. 6; pp. 473 - 482
Main Authors Nizyaeva, N. V., Kulikova, G. V., Shchyogolev, A. I., Zemskov, V. M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Moscow Pleiades Publishing 2016
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Cytoplasm
Ecology
Immune response
Life Sciences
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Surgery
Zoology
immune system
microRNA
dendritic cells
messenger RNA
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Summary:A complete characterization of microRNA (miRNA) and a scheme of its biogenesis are given. Special attention is paid to the involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of immune responses. It is implemented by their binding to specific sites of targeted messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cell cytoplasm, which results in the translation repression or degradation of target RNA transcripts. MicroRNA regulates the expression of 30–50% genes; it is thus involved in all fundamental cellular processes. The role of miRNA in the regulation of inflammation and antiviral protection, including involvement in the direct suppression of viruses, is shown; the possibility of its use as a predictor of a number of pathological processes, particularly in the diagnostics and prognosis of septic complications in surgery, is also demonstrated.
ISSN:2079-0864
2079-0872
DOI:10.1134/S2079086416060050