Jatropha curcas: Sowing local seeds of success in Malawi?

• Published in: Journal of arid environments Vol. 79; pp. 107 - 110
• Main Authors: Dyer, J.C., Stringer, L.C., Dougill, A.J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2012
• Subjects: Africa; Biofuels; Climate change mitigation; Food security; Livelihoods; Biofuels; Climate change mitigation; Food security; Africa; Livelihoods
• ISSN: 0140-1963; 1095-922X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.12.004

Achten et al. (2010) note that small-scale, local shifts towards growing the inedible, biodiesel crop Jatropha curcas ( Jatropha) may overcome some of the negative points inherent in popular biofuel-focused debates, including those on food insecurity and environmental degradation concerns. In this short response, we assess the views expressed by Achten et al. (2010) in light of recent case study-based research in Malawi that identifies and analyses the current context and potential for rural development of both local-level community-led and larger-scale private sector Jatropha projects in Malawi. Although large-scale cultivation of Jatropha is at risk of economic loss resultant from knowledge gaps and unpredictable yields, our research shows that small-scale initiatives do have the potential to contribute positively to rural livelihoods. Sales of seeds or production of Jatropha oil for stoves, engines, soap and paraffin can result in reduced household expenditure or increased incomes. In order for these benefits to be realised and up-scaled, further institutional support in terms of knowledge and technical provision is vital, and must be communicated through established and context-specific, locally-appropriate channels. While the biofuel debate remains global, we assert that actions should be focused at the local level in order to realise developmental, sustainability and climate change mitigation benefits across a range of scales. ► We present case study-based research on the biofuel Jatropha from Malawi. ► Jatropha yields are difficult to predict and monocultures may be subject to pests and diseases. ► Small-scale initiatives can provide supplementary livelihood activity e.g. soap-making. ► Cultural importance of maize means Jatropha will not be grown in its place by smallholder farmers. ► Context-specific communication key to success e.g. traditional authorities as opinion leaders.