Insecticidal Activity of 1, 3-bis (carbamoylthio)-2-(N, N-dimethylamino) propane hydrochloride, Cartap, with Special References to the Effectiveness for Controlling the Rice Stem Borer

• Published in: Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology Vol. 11; no. 3; pp. 125 - 134
• Main Authors: SAKAI, Michihiko, SATO, Yasuo, KATO, Masayuki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY 1967
• ISSN: 0021-4914; 1347-6068
• DOI: 10.1303/jjaez.11.125

Based on the fact that nereistoxin, a toxin isolated from a marine annelid, Lumbriconereis heteropoda, has insecticidal action, the studies for developing derivatives of the toxin as insecticides have been conducted in our division. In the present paper, the insecticidal activity of one of the derivatives, 1, 3-bis (carbamoylthio)-2-(N, N)-dime-thylamino) propane including its hydrochloride (cartap, Padan®) was reported. By the screening tests, the compounds were proved to be toxic against lepidopterous larvae such as the rice stem borer, the army worm and the cabbage worm. The compounds were toxic also against the soy bean aphid, the 28-spotted lady beetle and the green rice leafhopper. For the adult house fly, by the injection the compounds were revealed to be toxic, but by the topical application were not effective. Tetranichid mite, Tetranychus kanzawai was tolerant to the compounds. In a spray test on the rice stem borer being in rice plants in pots, the soluble powder and the dust formulations of the compounds were compared with organophosphate insecticides in the effectiveness for controlling the larvae. The spray of 0.025% solution, and dusts of 1% and 2% of the compounds were almost completely effective to depress the larval population in the stems. In the residual action to prevent the larval boring, cartap was found to be superior to its free base, Sumithion, Lebaycid and Phenthoate, but somewhat inferior to EPN. The fact that the solution of cartap applied on the surface of the rice leaf-sheath killed the larvae in the stem apparently indicates the penetration of the compound into the stem. Cartap showed the stability to the rainfall and the sunlight on the rice plant. Topical application tests on the rice stem borer larvae collected in several districts in Japan showed no local difference in the tolerance to the toxicity of cartap. The spray of 0.05% solution of cartap was highly effective in controlling the damage to citrus trees by the citrus leaf miner in a field test. The toxicity (oral LD-50, mg/kg) of cartap was 165 to the mouse and 250 to the rat. The toxicity (MLC, ppm) to the killifish and the carp was 0.4 and 1.5 respectively. The present data afford promise of practical use of cartap for control of pest insects.